Establishment of a Mathematical Model for Mulberry Balanced Fertilization in Hilly Areas of Sichuan Province

四川省丘陵地区桑树平衡施肥的数学模型建立(英文)

In order to increase mulberry leaf yield and production efficiency in hilly areas of Sichuan Province through scientific fertilization,＂3414＂,a quadratic regression design for modern fertilization,was employed to simulate the regression relationship between mulberry leaf yield and major fertilizer elements including nitrogen（N）,phosphor（P） and potassium（K） among which mulberry leaf yield was the objective function and N,P and K were the regulatory factors to fertilization level.As a result,7 types of ternary,binary and monadic quadratic fertilizer effect functions of N,P and K fertilizer elements were established.The weight of fertilizer factors in the optimal mulberry leaf yield obtained by various types of functions was in decreasing order of KPKPNPKNKNNP,and the weight of fertilizer factors in the ratio of leaf yield to input was in decreasing order of K〉PK〉NPK〉P〉NK〉NP〉N.To be specific,the ternary quadratic fertilizer effect function（Y=20 313＋0.25X1＋43.48 X2＋34.47X3-0.01X1^2-0.14X2^2-0.06X3^2＋0.05X1X2＋0.02X1X3-0.07X2X3,in which X1,X2 and X3 indicate the fertilizer factors N,P and K,respectively） was a model containing all factors,thereby being a recommended fertilization program for mulberry field.Single factor effect analysis indicated that K fertilizer had the highest influence on mulberry leaf yield and ratio of leaf yield to input.Therefore,among all the simulation functions,the monadic quadratic fertilizer effect function of K fertilizer factor（Y=25 002.27＋44.728X3-0.084X32） leads to the optimal leaf yield and maximum ratio of leaf yield to input.By using the optimal fertilization program with 600 kg/hm2 N,210 kg/hm2 P2O5 and 254.33 kg/hm2 K2O,the optimal economic leaf yield obtained is 30 945.00 kg/hm2,the cost of fertilizer input is 4 403.65 yuan/hm2,and the ratio of leaf yield to input is as high as 17.57.After verification by production practices,the recommended fertilization indicators in the optimal mulberry fertilization program can provide reference for the construction of high-yield mulberry field in hilly areas of Sichuan Province.

为了通过桑园科学施肥提高四川丘陵蚕区的桑树产叶产量与生产效益,采用现代肥料二次回归"3414"设计方案,分别以桑叶产量为目标函数,选取对桑树生长发育影响较大的肥料元素氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)的施肥水平为调控因子,模拟桑树产叶量与N、P、K之间的回归关系。得到三元二次、二元二次、一元二次共3种7类N、P、K肥料效应函数,各类型函数获得最佳桑树产叶量的肥料因素权重表现为K>PK>P>NPK>NK>N>NP,最佳产投比的肥料因素权重表现为K>PK>NPK>P>NK>NP>N。其中三元二次肥料效应函数(Y=20313+0.25X1+43.48X2+34.47X3-0.01X12-0.14X22-0.06X32+0.05X1X2+0.02X1X3-0.07X2X3,其中X1、X2、X3分别为N、P、K肥料因子)为全因子模型,可作为桑园的推荐施肥方案。单因素效应分析显示K肥对桑树产叶量及产投比的影响最大,因而在所有模拟的函数中K肥因子的一元二次肥料效应方程(Y=25002.27+44.728X3-0.084X32)获得的最佳产量和产投比最高,用600kg/hm2N、210kg/hm2P2O5、254.33kg/hm2K2O的最佳施肥方案,获得的桑树的最佳经济产叶量达到30945.00kg/hm2,投入的肥料价值为4403.65元/hm2,产投比高达17.57。该最佳施肥方案通过生产实践验证后,可为四川丘陵蚕区高产桑园建设提供参考。