昆山市813名0～3岁健康儿童超声骨密度测定分析

Determination of bone mineral density of 813 healthy children aged 0～3 years old in Kunshan

【目的】了解昆山地区0～3岁儿童超声骨密度现状,为儿童骨强度不足早期干预提供依据。【方法】对813名排除影响骨代谢性疾病的0～3岁儿童,用超声骨密度仪测定左胫骨中段骨密度,根据骨密度Z值的评分数分成正常、轻度、中度以及重度骨强度不足。【结果】骨强度不足检出率女童(49.46%)高于男童(34.47%),不同性别儿童骨强度不足率差异有统计学意义(χ2=16.82,P<0.01),而骨密度值差异无统计学意义(t=0.41,P>0.05);骨密度值随年龄增长而增加,以42d(50.91%)、3月龄(62.50%)儿童骨强度不足检出率较高,不同月龄儿童骨强度不足率差异有统计学意义(χ2=28.36,P<0.01);不同地区儿童骨密度值差异有统计学意义(t=3.14,P<0.05),而骨强度不足检出率差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.883,P>0.05);不同身高评价儿童骨密度值差异有统计学意义(F=11.92,P<0.01),以身高评价为上和中上,体重评价为上和中上儿童骨强度不足检出率较高,不同身高评价儿童骨强度不足率差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.02,P<0.05),而不同体重评价儿童骨强度不足率差异无统计学意义(χ2=6.68,P>0.05)。【结论】儿童骨强度不足应引起高度重视,尤其是12月龄以下儿童骨强度不足的问题。

[Objective] To examine the status of the ultrasonic bone mineral density（BMD） of 0-3 years old children in Kunshan,and to provide evidence for early bone strength deficiency intervention. [Methods] The left tibia BMD of 813 children aged 0-3 years old no including who had bone metabolic illnesses were measured by quantitative ultrasound. The patients were divided into normal,mild,medium and severe groups of bone strength deficiency according to Z-score of BMD. [Results] The incidence rate of bone strength deficiency in girls（49.46%）was significantly higher than that in boys （34.47%）, （X^2 = 16.82 ,P〈0. 01） ,while the BMD value had no statistical significance（t=- 0.41 ,P〉0.05） between boys and girls. The BMD value increased with the age increase. The incidence rate of bone strength deficiency in children aged 42 days （50.91%） and 3 months （62.50M） was higher than the others,there was statistical significance（7.2 = 28.36,P〈 0.01）. The difference of BMD value had statistical significance （t= 3.14, P〈0.05）between city and town, while the inci- dence rate had no statistical significance（7.2 = 3. 883 ,P〉0. 05）. The difference of BMD value had statistical significance（F= 11.92,P〈0.01） among different grades of height evaluation. The incidence rate of bone strength deficiency in children whose height （weight） evaluation was upper or higher-middle was higher than the others. There was statistical significance （ 2 = 11.02, P〈0.05） among different grades of height evaluation, while no statistical significance （X^2 = 6.68, P〉0.05） a- mong different grades of weight evaluation. [Conclusion] Children bone strength deficiency should be pay more atten- tion, especially for those under 12 months.