透镜成像中球面像差和色像差的分析与校正

Analysis and Calibration of Spherical Aberration and Chromatic Aberration in Lens Imaging

薄透镜成像中球差和色差对成像效果有严重的影响,学生在测量透镜过程中很难确定焦点的正确位置,使得测量误差很大。通过分析薄透镜成像过程中球差和色差产生的原因,采用在实验中加入光阑和滤光片。通过实验对比发现,加入光阑和滤光片可有效地减小像差和色差对实验结果的影响,从而达到减小实验相对误差的目的。

Because the spherical aberration and chromatic aberration of the thin lens has serious effect on the effect of imaging,there exist a great measurement error and it is difficult to determine the correct position of the focus when students measure the focal length of the lens.In this paper,the causes for the spherical aberration and chromatic aberration in thin lens imaging were analyzed.The influence of the spherical aberration and chromatic aberration was effectively reduced by placing the diaphragm and filter between the light source and the lens,thereby,reducing the relative error of the experiment.