论弗里德曼竞争型教育券制度的理论缺陷

TheTheory Blemish of Educational Voucher System of Milton Friedman

在实践中倍受争议的弗里德曼竞争型教育券制度在理论上本身就存在严重缺陷:教育券面值的确定、教育投资剩余的处理以及学校竞争的起点公平问题等都存在悖论;由于教育的外部性与质量考核问题、学校资产与学生的关系专用性程度和教育交易频率等原因,学生并不能有效地"用脚投票"、学校也不能完全竞争。诸多因素决定了弗里德曼竞争型教育券制度不具可行性。为此,必须理性对待教育券实践,而治理公立学校教育问题也必须另寻良策。

The educational voucher system of Friedman which being disputed exists serious blemish in the- ory：The amount of money the voucher represents, educational invest surplus and the start points of schools to compete fairly etc. all exist problems in theory; Because the educational exterior and the prob- lem of quality examination, the appropriation relation between school property and students etc, students can not vote by foot and the schools can not compete completely. Many factors decide Friedman^s educa- tional voucher system won＇t be succeed. For this, we must be rational to the practice so as to look {or better ways.