Effects of Balanced Fertilization on Mulberry Leaf Quality and Its Active Substance Content

平衡施肥对桑叶品质及其活性成分含量的影响(英文)

This paper study the effect of nitrogen （N, X1）, phosphorus （P, X2） and potassium （K, X3） in different amounts on crude protein, soluble sugar, total flavonoid and 1-deoxynojirimycin contents in mulberry leaves, with mulberry trees in spring and autumn as the material and as per ＂3414＂ experimental design. The results showed that the qualities and active substance content of mulberry leaves changed from increasing to decreasing with its development; crude protein and solu-ble sugar achieved the peak on August 20; total flavonoid and 1-deoxynojirimycin was the highest on May 15. Fertilizations with N, P and K fertilizers at different amounts had significant effects on quality of mulberry leaf and content of active substances. Specifically, as fertilizer amount increased, the content of active sub- stances grew dramatically and achieved the highest at level 2 （X^2X=X~_）. Based on fertilizer effect functions of objective yield, the recommended amounts of N, P and K fertilizers based on crude protein, soluble sugar, flavonoid content and DNJ in test sites were 718.46, 220.11 and 305.23 kg/hm2, when the highest of crude protein in mulberry leaf was 1 813.83 kg/hm2. When N, P and K fertilizers were recommended at 666.54, 204.41 and 243.18 kg/hm2, soluble sugar in mulberry leaf achieved the peak at 1 042.65 kg/hm2. When N, P and K fertilizers were at 675.96, 326.49 and 462.90 kg/hm2, flavonoid content achieved the maximum at 147.90 kg/hm2. When N, P and K fertilizers were at 720.9, 225.11 and 323.63 kg/hm2, DNJ content was the highest at 13.55 kg/hm2.

以四川丘陵蚕区夏伐式养成的春秋两季桑树为研究对象,采用现代肥料二次回归3414设计方案,研究氮(N,X1)、磷(P,X2)、钾(K,X3)、肥不同施用量对桑叶粗蛋白、可溶性糖、总黄酮、1-DNJ含量的影响。结果表明:随着桑树的生长发育,春秋两季桑叶品质及其活性成分含量均呈现先升高后降低的趋势,粗蛋白和可溶性糖在秋季8月20日含量最高,总黄酮和1-DNJ在春季5月15日含量最高;N、P、K不同施肥处理对桑叶品质及其活性成分含量均有显著影响,随着施肥水平的提高,其含量均随之显著增加,在2水平(X12X22X32)时达到最大。通过建立目标产量的肥料效应函数,分别获得了桑叶粗蛋白、可溶性糖、总黄酮1-DNJ的推荐施肥量及最高产量为:718.46kg/hm2N220.11kg/hm2,P2O5305.23kg/hm2K2O桑叶粗蛋白最高产量为1816.83kg/hm2;666.54kg/hm2N204.41kg/hm2P2O5243.18kg/hm2K2O,桑叶可溶性糖最高产量为1042.5kg/hm2;675.96kg/hm2N326.49kg/hm2P2O5462.90kg/hm2K2O,桑叶黄酮最高产量为147.90kg/hm2;720.93kg/hm2N225.11kg/hm2P2O5323.63kg/hm2K2O,桑叶DNJ最高产量为13.55kg/hm2。