苏区革命后赣闽边区地方公产处置研究

A Study of the Disposition of Local Public Properties in the Former Jiangxi Soviet

中共中央和主力红军长征以后,原中央苏区暨赣闽边区重新被纳入南京国民政府的控制版图。1934—1937年间,在社会重构背景下,如何处置历经中央苏区产权变革的赣闽边区祠堂、寺庙、会社等地方公产,是特殊历史条件下对南京国民政府行为与职责的一种考验。经过地方公产处置规则的初步确定、处置规则的变更和实际处置三个阶段,最终,南京国民政府依照相关法律重新确定地方民间组织原有公产的所有权,发放管业证书,同时每年提取民间组织公产一定比例的收益,用于发展以义务教育为主的地方公共事业建设。南京国民政府对地方公产的处置行为,体现了现代政府的基本职责,及其在特殊历史进程和环境下的抉择,对当时社会产生了积极的社会公产经济效用。

After the Central Committee and the main forces of the Red Army started the Long March,the former Central Soviet Area and Jiangxi-Fujian Border Region were again incorporated into the territory under the control of the Nanjing Nationalist government.From 1934 to 1937,against a background of social reconstruction,the problem of how to handle the ancestral halls,temples,societies and other public properties in the Jiangxi-Fujian Border Region,which had undergone changes in propriety rights promoted by the Central Soviet Area,was a test under particular historical conditions of the Nanjing Nationalist government's conduct and its discharge of its responsibilities.The Nanjing Nationalist government took the process through three stages:the preliminary definition of regulations for the disposition of local public proprieties;changes to the regulations;and the actual disposition of the properties,at the end of which it confirmed that the public proprieties were owned by local civic organizations in accordance with the relevant laws,and issued administrative certificates to the civic organizations.At the same time,the government also collected a certain portion of the profits from those civic organizations,using the money to build local public facilities,with an emphasis on compulsory education.The Nanjing Nationalist government's disposition of local public proprieties expressed the basic duties of modern government,and shows that under particular historical processes and conditions the government could make choices that brought positive social and economic benefits to society.