天宫一号高光谱数据探测火情状态敏感谱段分析

Analysis of Sensitive Spectral Bands for Burning Status Detection Using Hyper-Spectral Images of Tiangong-01

为获得利用卫星数据探测明火、焖烧、烟和火烧迹地等四种火情状态信息的敏感波谱范围,利用天宫一号高光谱数据,采用统计和光谱分析相结合的方法,对探测这四种火情状态信息的适宜卫星谱段进行了分析。结果表明:天宫一号高光谱数据对这四种火情状态探测谱段存在明显区别,在高光谱短波红外各通道,明火的反射率比其他三种的反射率都高,而烟的反射率则最低;在高光谱可见近红外和全色传感器对应通道,烟的反射率比其他三种的反射率都高。在谱段选择上,探测明火的较适宜谱段区间为1 000.0～1 956.0和2 020.0～2 400.0nm;用于判识焖烧的适宜谱段范围为930.0～1 000.0和1 084.0～2 400.0nm;检测烟的适宜谱段区间为400.0～920.0nm;检测火烧迹地时适宜选用中心波长900.0～930.0和1 300.0～2 400.0nm等波段进行组合,构建检测模型。

To obtain the sensitive spectral bands for detection of information on 4 kinds of burning status, i.e. flaming, smolde- ring, smoke, and fire scar, with satellite data, analysis was conducted to identify suitable satellite spectral bands for detection of information on these 4 kinds of burning status by using hyper-spectrum images of Tiangong-01（TG-01） and employing a method combining statistics and spectral analysis. The results show that： in the hyper-spectral images of TG-01, the spectral bands dif- fer obviously for detection of these 4 kinds of burning status; in all hyper-spectral short-wave infrared channels, the reflectance of flaming is higher than that of all other 3 kinds of burning status, and the reflectance of smoke is the lowest; the reflectance of smoke is higher than that of all other 3 kinds of burning status in the channels corresponding to hyper-spectral visible near-infra- red and panchromatic sensors. For spectral band selection, more suitable spectral bands for flaming detection are 1 000. 0 1 956.0 and 2 020. 0~2 400.0 nm; the suitable spectral bands for identifying smoldering are 930. 0~1 000. 0 and 1 084. 0~ 2 400. 0 nm; the suitable spectral bands for smoke detection is in 400. 0~920. 0 nm; for fire .war detection, it is suitable to select bands with central wavelengths of 900. 0~930.0 and 1 300.0~2 400.0 nm, and then to combine them to construct a detection model.