应用半定量食物频率法评价傣族居民膳食脂肪酸摄入与肥胖的关系

Assessing the Relationship between Dietary Fatty Acid Intake and Obesity of Dai Nationality by Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire

目的探讨云南省勐海县傣族居民超重、肥胖的流行状况及与膳食脂肪酸的关系,为当地居民合理膳食,预防肥胖提供科学依据.方法选择云南省西双版纳傣族自治州勐海县18岁以上406例傣族居民为研究对象.采用问卷调查方式收集研究对象过去1 a中各种食物的摄入频率、摄入量以及现病史、家族史情况,并进行医学体检(包括身高、体重、腰围、臀围等指标).结果傣族居民的膳食脂肪和胆固醇摄入量较高,分别为129.10(g/人.日)和519.12(mg/人.日).脂肪酸构成S:M:P值为1:1.72:0.76,比例失衡.超重率和肥胖率分别为25.4%和8.1%,高于2002年全国水平.结论超重和肥胖已成为影响云南农村居民健康的重要公共卫生问题,应积极倡导合理营养、健康的行为和生活方式,实施超重肥胖的干预和控制.膳食脂肪酸与肥胖的关系尚需进一步分析研究.

Objective The relationship between epidemic situation of overweight, obesity and dietary fatty acid intake of Dai nationality in Menghai County in Yunnan Province was investigated, which provides a scientific basis for reasonable diet and prevention of obesity for the local residents. Methods A total of 406 Dai nationality residents over 18 years old in Menghai County of Xishuangbanna Dai Prefecture in Yunnan province were selected as the research object. A variety of food intake, intake frequency, the history of present illness and family history in recent years were collected by questionnaire survey. And then, we provided the medical examination （including height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference and other indicators） for respondents. Results The intake of dietary fat and cholesterol were high, 129.10 （g/person ＂day） and 519.12 （mg/person ＂day） respectively. The imbalanced ratio of fatty acid composition （S：M：P） was 1：1.72：0.76. The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 25.4% and 8.1%, which were higher than the national level in 2002. Conclusion Overweight and obesity has become an important public health problem in the rural area of Yunnan province. We should strengthen health education and promotion to prevent and control overweight and obesity, so as to reduce the prevalence rate of chronic diseases. The relationship between dietary fatty acids and obesity need further study.