利用食蚊鱼目标基因转录水平评价东莞寒溪河雌/雄激素物质污染现状

EVALUATION OF ESTROGEN/ANDROGEN POLLUTION BY USING THE MOSQUITOFISH TARGET GENE EXPRESSION IN HANXI RIVER, DONGGUAN CITY

应用食蚊鱼(Gambusia affinis)的卵黄蛋白原(VTGα)基因和雌/雄激素受体(ERα/ARα)基因转录水平为指标,评价广东东莞寒溪河受雌/雄激素物质污染的现状。结果显示,与对照点从化流溪河(LX)相比,寒溪河松山湖(SM)、杨屋村(YW)、横沥镇(HL)、樟村污水处理厂上游(ZU)和樟村污水处理厂下游(ZC)各采样点雄性成年食蚊鱼肝脏中的VTGα转录水平都具有显著或极显著水平的升高(P<0.05和P<0.001),分别为7.67、169.43、148.69、152.01和98.12倍;而较之对照点,雄鱼臀鳍的雌激素受体ERα转录水平仅HL位点有显著性升高(P<0.05),其余位点则不明显(P>0.05)。此外,寒溪河SM、YW、HL、ZU和ZC各采样点雌鱼臀鳍雄激素受体ARα转录水平分别是对照点从化流溪河(LX)的1.21、0.82、0.34、0.41和0.89倍,但是只有HL和ZU点有显著性减小(P<0.05),其余各点的变化差异不显著(P>0.05)。研究结果显示,生活在东莞寒溪河中的食蚊鱼受雌/雄激素物质干扰明显,普遍出现显著的雌激素效应,表明寒溪河水体受雌激素物质污染更严重。此外证明,鱼类肝脏VTGα基因相对于臀鳍ERα/ARα基因转录水平更适合作为监测水体环境雌/雄激素物质的生物标志物。

The vitellogenin（VTGα） and estrogen/androgen receptor（ERα/ARα） gene mRNA transcriptional levels in mosquitofish（Gambusia affinis） were detected to monitor the pollution status of environmental estrogen/androgen substances in Hanxi River,Dongguan City.The results were that compared with the control site of Liuxi River（LX）,the VTGα mRNA transcription levels in liver of male mosquitofish from sampling sites of Songshan Lake（SM）,Yangwu Village（YW）,Hengli Town（HL）,Upstream of Zhangcun sewage treatment plant（ZU） and Downstream of Zhangcun sewage treatment plant（ZC） were significantly increased（P〈0.05 and P〈0.001） up to 7.67,169.43,148.69,152.01 and 98.12 fold,respectively;the ERα mRNA transcript levels in anal fin of male mosquitofish were significantly increased（P〈0.05） only in HL compared with the control point of LX;the variation of transcript levels in the rest of the sites were not significant（P〈0.05）.The ARα mRNA transcript levels in anal fin of female mosquitofish in sampling sites of SM,YW,HL,ZU and ZC from Hanxi River were 1.21,0.82,0.34,0.41 and 0.89 fold of the control point of LX,respectively.There was significant resistance decreases（P〈0.05） in the HL and ZU point;and the rest of the variations were not significant（P〈0.05）.The results indicated that mosquitofish in Hanxi River was significantly influenced by estrogen/androgen material interference,and the estrogen effect was more significant.As biomarkers,fish liver VTG gene mRNA transcription level relative to the anal fin ER/AR gene mRNA transcription level was more suitable for monitoring the aquatic environment of estrogen/androgen substances.