基于层次分析与模糊数学综合评判法的矿区生态环境评价

Ecological environment evaluation of the mining area based on AHP and fuzzy mathematics

层次分析(analytic hierarchy process,AHP)与模糊数学(fuzzy mathematics)综合评判法将AHP与模糊数学法结合起来,分别取其优点,以实现更为精准的评价。为此,以昌平地区建筑用砂矿区为研究区,将AHP与模糊数学综合评判法引入到矿区生态环境评价中,以遥感技术为辅助手段来监测矿区的生态环境:选用水体密度、植被覆盖度、居民地密度、地形地貌、矿业占地和生态多样性等6项指标建立了生态评价指标体系;运用基于AHP与模糊数学综合评判法确定评价指标的权重;在GIS平台上对各评价指标进行加权叠加,得到实验区生态环境的等级评价图,实现了矿区生态环境评价。研究结果表明,使用该方法进行矿区生态环境评价是有效的,对于保护矿区生态环境、合理开发矿产资源具有现实意义。

The comprehensive evaluation of analytic hierarchy process（AHP） and fuzzy mathematics combines AHP with fuzzy mathematics.A more accurate evaluation through choosing the advantages of the two methods can be achieved.In this paper,taking the sand mining area in Changping of Beijing as the study area,the authors applied the comprehensive evaluation of AHP and fuzzy mathematics to the evaluation of the ecological environment and,with the help of remote sensing,to the monitoring of the ecological environment of the mining area.The ecological evaluation index system was established through the selection of the six indexes comprising density of the water bodies,vegetation coverage,residential density,topography,mining occupies and ecological diversity.Then the weights of the evaluation indexes were determined by using the fuzzy mathematics comprehensive evaluation method based on AHP,and the evaluation factors were superimposed on the platform of GIS to get the evaluation map of ecological environment for the ecological environment evaluation of the mining area.The results show that the method proposed in this paper is an effective method for the evaluation of ecological environment of the mining area,and has an important practical significance for the protection of the ecological environment of the mining area and the rational development of mineral resources.