沉痛的逍遥:论庄子的精神世界

A Painful Freedom:On Zhuangzi's Spiritual World

庄子学术本以讲明"无为"的政治理想为主旨,但残酷的政治现实促成其重心偏移至个人的安心立命之道,追求个体的精神自由,以获得自我超越与解脱。当知识分子的良知与道义感驱使庄子重新试图以自己的政治理想去干预现实政治时,现实却再次幻灭了他心中的理想。于是,庄子重又别无选择地逃返内心深处,作无奈而沉痛的逍遥游。庄子的一生是在理想与现实、入世与出世的矛盾与冲突中反复挣扎、徘徊、犹豫乃至于迷惑不已、痛苦不堪的一生。

Zhuangzi＇s Learning is mainly about the political ideal of non - action, while the severe political reality makes him study how to settle down and get on with his life so as to pursue his spiritual freedom and to surpass himself. When scholar＇s conscience and moral prompt him to participate in politics by his own political thought,the reality tarnishes his ideal once again. So he has no choice but to return to his own inner world and make the reluctant and painful carefree journey. Zhuangzi hovers between participation and resignation and between ideal and reality is his confused and painful life.