磷酸三(2,3-二氯丙基)酯阻燃剂对稀有鮈鲫的毒性效应

Toxic Effect of Tri( 2,3-Dichloroprophyl) Phosphate Flame Retardant on Rare Minnow( Gobiocypris rarus)

为研究新型阻燃剂磷酸三（2，3-二氯丙基）酯（TDCPP）的毒性效应，以稀有绚鲫（Gobiocyprisrufus）为实验生物，采用半静态实验方法，分别进行96h和28d的染毒，研究TDCPP对稀有绚鲫的急性毒性和慢性毒性效应，并通过对稀有觞鲫脑组织中与神经纤维的生长、发育、轴突再生等相关基因mRNA表达量的检测，初步探讨了TDCPP的神经毒性作用。结果表明：TDCPP对稀有觞鲫的96h．LC50为2．99（220～3．38）mg·L^-1，根据化学物质对鱼类毒性分级标准TDCPP属于剧毒性。经0．9、1．5、2．1和2．7mg·L^-1TDCPP染毒28d，与对照组相比，暴露组稀有朐鲫肝脏及脑组织中SOD和GSH—Px的活性均受到抑制，且随着TDCPP的暴露浓度增加，其抑制作用显著增强；暴露组稀有觞鲫脑组织中与神经纤维的生长、发育相关的微管蛋白α/β、神经丝NF—M以及关键蛋白GAP-43等基因的mRNA表达量，与对照相比均发生显著下调。可知，TDCPP暴露可以诱发稀有绚鲫神经毒性作用。

Toxicological effects of tri（2,3-dichloroprophyl） phosphate （TDCPP） on rare minnow （Gobiocypris rams） were investigated using the semi-static bioassay, including 96 h acute toxicity and 28 d chronic toxicity. We also explored some special gene expression levels such as NF-M, GAP-43, Tubulin et/13, which resulted in neurotoxicity of TDCPP. Results showed that the 96 h-LC50 value of TDCPP to rare minnow was 2.99 （2.20 ~ 3.38） mg·L^-1. According to the criteria for evaluating and grading toxicity of chemicals to fishes, the toxicity of TDCPP should be the hypertoxicity level. The activities of SOD and GSH-Px in both liver and brain tissues of rare minnow were inhibited in comparison with the control, after exposure to 0.9, 1.5, 2.1 and 2.7 mg·L^-1 TDCPPfor 28 d. The inhibition strengthened as TDCPP concentration increased. Furthermore, the expressions of spe- cific genes in brain tissue involved in neurotrophic factor, such as NF-M, GAP-43 and microtubulin α/βwere significantly down-regulated compared with the control. It is indicated that TDCPP may induce the neurotoxic effect on rare minnow.