20万方原油储罐的关键结构参数设计与优化分析

Designing and Optimizing Parameters of Key Structures of 2×10~4m^3 Oil Tank

20万方原油储罐在不久将成为国家原油战略储备的主力设备,但我国目前尚无20万方储罐的国家标准和设计经验。为此,参考美国API650标准分析了许用应力和高径比对壁厚设计的影响,利用数值模拟对比了3种可行方案和储罐大型化的结构强度变化,并对20万方储罐壁厚组合、大角焊缝、边缘板和罐底接触等影响因素进行了定量分析。结果表明,许用应力超过250 MPa和高径比低于20.18/112的组合方式有利于得到最优化的储罐壁厚组合,储罐大型化将使边缘板应力极值增大10%,罐壁位移增大7%。得到了罐底与地基作用较为剧烈的3个重要部位和边缘板变形的多项式方程,定量分析了储罐关键结构参数对边缘板及罐壁的影响大小,并给出了最优化的取值范围。

2 x 104 m3 crude oil storage tank becomes the main equipment for the state＇s strategic oil reserve. How- ever, there are no standards and design experience for the tank. So we analyze the influence of the allowable stress and high diameter on plate thickness design by using the United States API650 reference standard, contrast three feasible schemes and simulate the changes in the tank＇s large structure. We also do the quantitative analysis of the factors of influence of the tank＇s plate thickness combination, such as T-fillet welding, edge plate and joint bottom contact. The results indicate that more than 250 MPa allowable stress and less than 20. 18/112 height-diameter ratio help to obtain the optimal combination of tank plate thickness. The tank＇s large structure increases the edge plate＇s peak stress by 10% and the plate displacement by 7%. We give the polynomial equation for the deformation of the plate edge and do the quantitative analysis of the influence of key parameters such as edge plate, tank plate and T-fillet welding by giving their optimal value range.