精神病患者自杀行为临床特征分析及预防措施

Analyses of clinical features of suicidal behaviors of psychosis patients and preventative measures

目的：探讨精神病患者自杀行为的临床特征，为制定临床预防措施提供依据。方法对30例有自杀行为的精神病患者的临床资料进行回顾分析。结果本组自杀者以抑郁症（60．0％）、精神分裂症（36．7％）居多，自杀行为多发生于凌晨1时-2时（50．0％），自杀前主要表现为焦虑、绝望、痛苦、抑郁等，自杀地点多发生在卫生间、病房、窗户、床头。结论精神病患者自杀行为具有一定的规律性，护理人员应加强安全管理，积极采取综合预防措施，杜绝或减少自杀的发生。

Objective To explore clinical features of suicidal behaviors of psycho-sis patients in order to provide basis for enacting clinical preventative measures . Methods Clinical data of 30 suicide psychosis patients were retrospectively analyzed .Results Farmers made up 76 .7% of the patients ,schizophrenics did 36 .7% ,ones with incomplete suicide did 73 .3% , 50 .0% of patients committed suicide during 1~2 am ,their main manifestations before suicide were anxie-ty ,hopelessness ,distress ,depression and so on ,suicides taken place in toilet ,ward ,window and bedside mainly .Conclusion Suicidal behaviors of psychosis patients have determinate regularity ,safety manage-ments should be enhanced and universal preventative measures actively adopted in order to eliminate or re-duce the developments of suicide .