基于光学标测技术和MEA技术的植物电研究概述

New approaches to study electrical signal in plant: optical recording method and Multi-Electrode Array technique

植物电信号的研究进展很大程度上依赖于测量技术的发展。目前对于微电极等测量技术而言,多方面因素的限制使得同时测量2个以上细胞的电活动基本无法实现,因此对植物群体细胞电活动规律的研究进展较小。本文介绍了2种可以同时对植物群体细胞电活动进行测量并具有空间分辨率的测量技术—依赖于电压敏感染料的光学标测技术和微电极阵列技术。分别介绍了光学标测技术的测量原理、电压敏感染料的特性、系统构成、信号提取方法等内容,并列举了在植物细胞电信号测量方面的应用实例,概述了影响植物电信号光学标测的因素;阐述了微电极阵列技术的系统组成、阵列微电极的特征、测量依据及模型、影响测量的因素,并对阵列微电极在玉米幼根测量中的应用做了简要介绍。最后对这2种测量技术在植物电信号测量中存在的一些问题进行了讨论。

Significant progress in the investigation of spatiotemporal dynamics electrical activity in plant has been enabled by recently developed electrophysiological techniques. The optical recording using Voltage-Sensitive Dyes（VSD） and Multi-Electrode Array（MEA） are the two techniques with higher spatial-temporal resolution which can observe the electrical activity from large numbers of cells simultaneously by now. In this review, the optical recording is introduced with regard to the measuring principle, the characteristics of VSD, construction of system, signal processing methods and the application in plants. Meanwhile, the intrinsic characteristics of MEA system including system composition, characteristics of electrodes, recording basis and factors involved in signal recording are presented. For the application of MEA system in the plant, there is only one case report for the electrical network activity in plant. In the future, some new scientific discoveries of spatial-temporal feature for electrical signal of plant cells population will be expected by using both advanced techniques.