基于T/P和Jason-1高度计数据的渤黄东海潮汐信息提取

Extraction of tidal information in the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea based on T/P and Jason-1 altimeter data

对19 a的TOPEX/POSEIDON（以下称T/P）和Jason-1卫星高度计测高数据进行调和分析,得到渤黄东海海域的8个主要分潮（M2、S2、N2、K2、K1、O1、P1和 Q1）。提出一种将两类卫星高度计数据统一的方法,消除了因两类卫星高度计校正算法等不同所导致的相互之间的偏差。变轨后的 T/P与Jason-1卫星加密了高度计对潮汐观测的空间分布。通过对交叉点处升轨与降轨的潮汐调和分析结果进行比较,检验调和分析方法及高度计数据的可靠性；将基于高度计数据的调和分析结果与验潮站资料进行比较,以检验其正确性。4个主要分潮（M2、S2、K1、O1）振幅之差的均方根介于1.0-1.8 cm,迟角之差的均方根介于4.1°-7.8°。与已有研究结果相比,调和分析结果的精确性有所提高。在此基础上,综合变轨前后两类高度计测高数据的调和分析结果,给出并分析了渤黄东海4个主要分潮的同潮图。

The harmonic analysis of M2, S2, N2, K2, K1, O1, P1 and Q1 tidal constituents in the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea was performed utilizing 19 years altimeter data of T/P（TOPEX/POSEIDON） and Jason-1. A data unification method was proposed to solve the differences of T/P and Jason-1 data due to different correction algorithms. After orbit transfer, the T/P and Jason-1 data enhanced the spatial distribution of tidal ob-servation effectively. The intercomparison of harmonic constants derived from ascending and descending passes at crossover points was performed to evaluate the tidal harmonic analysis method and the altimeter data. The com-parison between altimetry-derived and ground-measured harmonic constants at offshore and island stations indi-cated that the range of the amplitude RMS and phase lag of 4 principal constituents （M2, S2, K1, O1） were 1.0-1.8 cm and 4.1°-7.8°, respectively. Compared to previous studies, the accuracy of harmonics was improved. Finally, the cotidal charts of 4 principal constituents in the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea were drawn by combining the harmonics solutions from altimeter data.