杂交水稻制种机插秧苗生长特性及其产量的相关和通径分析

Correlation and Path Analysis of Yield Components of Seed Production of Hybrid Rice Machine Inserted and Its Growth Characteristics

以恢复系蜀恢528和不育系Ⅱ-32A为材料,研究久保田SPW-48C手扶式插秧机栽插4、8和12行3个制种机插带幅处理对父母本叶龄动态变化、生育进程变化、群体生长动态变化和制种产量的影响。结果表明,杂交水稻机插母本分蘖发生早、多,但后期营养不良,成穗少,抽穗不整齐,父母本1∶8处理的花期相遇好,有效穗数与结实率协调发展,制种产量高,是母本机插制种较适宜的行数。机插母本产量构成因素的变异系数大小为:实粒数>结实率>穗数;产量构成因素与产量的简单相关程度、偏相关分析结果均表明,结实率和穗数与产量呈极显著正相关,相关程度为:结实率>穗数;结实率和穗数对产量的直接通径系数都为正值,但结实率通过穗数对产量的间接效应和穗数通过结实率对制种产量的间接效应均为负值,说明在机插母本制种中必须兼顾穗数和结实率才能提高机械化制种产量。

＇ Shuhui 528＇ and sterile lines ＇ II -32 A＇ were taken as material to study the dynamic change of leaf age, birth process change, population growth dynamic change, and the effects on the seed yield of the parents by KUBOTA SPW-48e hand transplanter planted 4, 8 and 12 lines 3 seed machine inserted with image processing. The results showed that the female parent machine-transplanted had early and more tillers,but the female parent had less number of grain in a spike and uniform heading. The parents plant with the ratio of 1：8 had good syn- chronization of flowering, harmonious effective panicle number and seed setting rate and high seed yield. The variation coefficient of yield components was the solid grain number 〉 the seed rate 〉 the spike number. The results of the yield components and yield of simple correla- tion, partial correlation analysis showed that the seed rate and spike number were very significant positive correlation with yield. The direct path eeefllcient of the seed rate and the spike number to output was positive, but the indirect effect of the seeding rate through spikelets to the yield and the indirect effect of the spikelets number through the seeding rate to the seed yield was negative.