道路交通扬尘采样方法研究进展

Research Progress on the Sampling Methods of Road Traffic Dust

道路交通扬尘是我国北方城市环境空气中PM10和PM2.5污染的重要来源之一,要改善环境空气质量,进一步降低颗粒物浓度,必须采取有效措施控制道路交通扬尘,而控制扬尘的第一步是确定采样方法。目前我国还没有标准化的道路交通扬尘采样方法,本文归纳了当前国内外应用的主要方法,重点介绍了降尘法、积尘负荷法和快速检测法三种采样方法,并对三种方法进行了比较,分析了各自具有的优势和存在的问题。最后指出,快速检测法是最有潜力的采样方法,未来还需进一步的研究,争取早日制订出适合我国国情的标准化的道路交通扬尘采样方法。

Road traffic dust is one of the important sources of PM10 and PM2. 5 in the ambient air of Chinese northern cities. To improve air quality and further reduce the concentration of particulate matter, measures should be taken effectively to control road traffic dust, but the first step is to determine sampling methods. At present, there aren＇ t standardized road traffic dust sampling methods in China. This paper summarized the main methods which have been applied at home and abroad, focusing on research progress of three kinds of sampling methods： dust method, dust load method and rapid detection method. Three methods were compared and their advantages and problems were analyzed. Finally, rapid detection method may be the most promising sampling methods. It also needs further research in the future and strive to work out standardized road traffic dust sampling methods which are suitable for China.