股骨大转子区解剖参数测量及其临床意义

Anatomical measurement of greater trochanter area and its clinical significance

目的：通过对正常成人股骨大转子区解剖参数的测量，为设计适合于中国人股骨解剖特点的大转子内固定物提供参考。方法：选取66例中国正常成人股骨标本，通过直接测量和CAD软件测量2种方法，测量股骨大转子区解剖参数，并将中国人小转子中心下20mm处的股骨髓腔冠状径与西方人进行比较。结果：股骨大转子区解剖参数直接测量与软件测量无明显差异，大转子全长（65．15±7．41）mm，大转子突（11．61±3．12）mm，梨状窝深（18．79±1．74）mm，大转子宽（33．36±4．25）mm。结论：应用AutoCAD2010软件测量解剖参数是一种简单、方便、可靠的测量方法；中国人股骨大转子解剖参数与西方人存在差异，大转子内固定物的设计需与中国人的解剖参数相匹配。

Objective： To measure the anatomical parameters of greater trochanter area of the normal adult Chinese femur and to provide basis for the design of greater trochanter internal fixator fitting anatomical feature of Chinese femur. Methods： 66 normal adult Chinese femurs were selected. Direct measurement and computer aided design （CAD） software measurement were used for measuring anatomical parameters. The comparison of coronal width of medullary canal at the plane of 20 mm below the lesser trochanter between Chinese and Westerners＇ femurs were performed. Results： There was no statistical difference in the anatomical parameters of greater trochanter area between direct method and CAD software method. The full length of greater trochanter was （65.15±7.41） mm, the eminence height of greater trochanter was （ 11.61 ± 3.12） mm, the depth of pyriform sinus was （18. 79±1.74） mm, and the width of greater trochanter was （33.36±4. 25） mm. Conclusion： It is a simple, convenient and reliable method of using AutoCAD2010 software to measure anatomical parameters. Anatomical feature of the Chinese femur was different from Westerners＇. The design of internal fixator for the greater trochanter should be suit for the anatomical feature of Chinese femur.