1Aguilar M,Hart R. Oral anticoagulants versus anti-platelet therapy for preventing stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and no history of stroke or transient ischemie attacks[l].Stroke, 2008 (39): 1399- 1400.
2SPAFⅢ Writing Committee for the Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrilla- tion Investigatiors. Patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation at low risk of stroke during treatment with aspirin: Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation Ⅲ Study[J]. JAMA, 1998,279:1273-1277.
4Wolf PA,Abbott RD, Kannel WB.Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke:the Framingham study[J].stroke, 1991,22(8):983-988.
5Hart RG, Pearce LA, Aguilar MI.Mate-analysis: anti-thrombotic therapy to prevent stroke in patients who have non-valvular atrial fibrillation[J]. Ann Intern Med,2007,146(12):857-867.
6Van walraven C,Hart RG,Singer DE, et al. Oral anticoagulants vs aspirin in non-val,adar atrial fibrillation : an individual patient meat-analysis [J]. J Am Med Assoc, 2002,288(19):2441-2448.
7European Heart Rhythm Association,European Association for Cardio- Thoracic,Carom AJ,et al.Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrilla- tion:the task force for the management of atrial fibrillation of the Euro- pean Society of Cardiology(ESC)[J].Eur Heart J,2010,31:2369-2429.
8Fang MC,Singer DE,Chang Y,et al.Gender differences in the risk of is- chemic Stroke and Peripheral embolism in atrial fibrillation:The Antico-agulation and Risk factors In Atrial fibrillation(ATRIA) study[J].Circnla- tion,2005,112:1687-1689.
9Zhou Z,Hu D.An epidemiological study on the prevalence of atrial fibril- lation in the Chinese population of China's Mainland[J].J Epidemiol,2008, 18(5):209-216.
10Fuster V,Ryden LE,Cannom DS,et al.ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for the management of Patients with atrial fibrillation-executive sum- mary:a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the European Soci- ety of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Commit- tee to Revise the 2001Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation)[J].J Am Coll Cardiol, 2006,48:854-906.
二级参考文献5
1Carom AJ, Kirchhof P, Lip GY, et al. Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation:The Task Force For the Management of Atrial Fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)[J].Eur Heart J,2010,31(19):2369-2429.
2ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillatlon[J]Circulation, 2006,114: 700-752.
3Lip G, Nieuwlaat R, Pisters R, et al. Refining clinical risk stratification for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation using a novel risk factor based approach.. The Euro Heart Survey on Atrial Fibrillation[J]. Chest, 2010,137(2): 263-272.
7Lloyd-Jones DM, Wang T J, Leip EP, et al. Lifetime risk for development of atrial fibrillation:The Framingham Heart Study[J]. Circulation, 2004, 110(9): 1042-1046.
9Lip GY, Nieuwlaat R, Pisters R, et al. Refining clinical risk stratification for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in at- rial fibrillation using a novel risk factor- based approach: the euro heart survey on atrial fibrillation [J]. Chest, 2010, 137 (2): 263-272.
10Camm AJ,Kirchhof P,Lip GY,et al. Guidelines for the manage- ment of atrial fibrillation: the Task Force for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ECS) [J]. Eur Hear J,2010,31(19) :2369 - 2429.
