啤酒糟对饲粮养分瘤胃降解特性及表观消化率的影响

Effects of Brewer's Grains on Ruminal Degradation Characteristics and Apparent Digestibilities of Dietary Nutrients

本试验旨在研究添加不同水平啤酒糟(brewer’s grains,BSG)对饲粮养分瘤胃降解特性及表观消化率的影响。采用4×4拉丁方设计,选取4头体况良好、体重(40.0±2.5)kg、安装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的崂山奶山羊。在基础饲粮干物质(DM)基础上分别添加0(对照组)、10%、15%、20%的BSG。通过尼龙袋法和内源指示剂法测定饲粮养分的瘤胃降解特性及表观消化率。结果表明:1)BSG添加水平对除粗蛋白质(CP)外的其他养分72 h瘤胃降解率均有显著或极显著的影响(P<0.05或P<0.01);显著或极显著提高了DM、有机物(OM)和中性洗涤纤维(NDF)的瘤胃有效降解率(P<0.05或P<0.01),对酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的瘤胃有效降解率无显著影响(P>0.05),显著降低了CP瘤胃有效降解率(P<0.05)。2)BSG添加水平对各养分采食量均有显著影响(P<0.05),以BSG添加水平为15%时最高。3)与对照组相比,BSG添加水平为10%时,各养分表观消化率无显著变化(P>0.05);BSG添加水平为15%时,各养分表观消化率均显著升高(P<0.05);BSG添加水平为20%时,除NDF表观消化率显著升高(P<0.05)外,其他养分表观消化率无显著变化(P>0.05)。综合考虑饲粮养分的瘤胃降解特性、采食量和表观消化率得出,本试验条件下,饲粮DM基础上添加15%BSG为最佳。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different supplemental levels of brewer’ s grains （ BSG ） on ruminal degradation characteristics and apparent digestibilities of dietary nutrients. Four healthy Laoshan dairy goats [（40. 0 ＆#177;2. 5） kg] with permanent ruminal cannulas were used, and a 4 ＆#215;4 Lat-in square design was adopted in this experiment. Based on dry matter （ DM） of a basal diet, goats were sup-plemented with 0, 10%, 15% and 20% BSG, respectively. Ruminal degradation characteristics and apparent digestibilities of dietary nutrients were determined using the methods of nylon bag and endogenous indicator, respectively. The results showed as follows：1） BSG supplemental level had significant effects on ruminal deg-radation rates of nutrients excluding that of crude protein （ CP） at 72 h （ P〈0 . 05 or P〈0 . 01 ） , and signifi-cantly increased ruminal effective degradation rates of DM, organic matter （ OM） and neutral detergent fiber （ NDF） （ P〈0 . 05 or P〈0 . 01 ） , but had no significant effect on ruminal effective degradation rate of acid de-tergent fiber （ ADF） （ P〉0 . 05 ） . 2 ） BSG supplemental level had significant effects on nutrient intake （ P〈0. 05）, and supplemented with 15% BSG had the highest nutrient intake. 3） Compared with the control group, the supplementation of 10% BSG had no significant effects on apparent digestibilities of nutrients （ P〉0. 05）; the supplementation of 15% BSG significantly increased apparent digestibilities of DM, OM, NDF, ADF and CP （ P〈0 . 05 ）;the apparent digestibility of NDF was significantly increased when the supplemental level of BSG was 20% （ P〈0 . 05 ） , but not for the rest nutrients （ P〉0 . 05 ） . Considering ruminal degrada-tion characteristics, intake and apparent digestibilities of dietary nutrients, the optimal supplemental level of BSG is 15% in the basal diet （ DM basis） under the conditions of the present experiment.