玉米单向异交不亲和基因研究进展及其在玉米育种上的应用

Research Progress on Unilateral Cross-incompatibility Genes and Their Utilization in Maize Breeding

玉米单向异交不亲和基因是一种配子体基因(Gametophyte factors,Ga)。Ga基因是影响单倍体配子有性传递的遗传因子,许多带有Ga基因的爆裂玉米可以给不带有Ga基因的马齿型和硬粒型玉米正常授粉结实,反交则通常不结实。Ga基因的这种特性在生产上可以用于特用玉米与普通玉米以及非转基因玉米与转基因玉米之间的生殖隔离,在基础理论上可以用于研究玉米授精过程中的基因互作、信号传导以及雌雄配子间的不亲和机理。

Unilateral cross-incompatibility genes in maize were known as Gametophyte factors （Ga） which influ- ence the sexual transmission of haploid gametes. Many popcorn inbred lines carry these genes and can fertilize dent and flint maize lines. However, reciprocal crosses were often unsuccessful. This cross-incompatibility of Ga genes can be applied to reproductive isolation among different maize varieties and maize relatives and to study signal transdue- tion and pollen-pistil interactions in the course of maize fertilization.