摘要
酸雨是当代人类注瞩的重要环境公害之一。它主要是由于工业生产和燃烧排放的二氧化硫及氮氧化物,在大气和水滴中,经一系列物理化学过程转化为硫酸、硝酸和有机酸所造成的。它的危害是多方面的。科学家特别注意它对森林、农作物和水生生态系的影响。本文拟讨论酸雨对淡水水生态系一些主要环节的影响。酸雨活动不仅降低淡水的pH值,促成一系列的水化学变化,而且扰乱水生生态系统,使生物种群正常结构产生畸变。其影响有短期的,也有长期的。这些问题对淡水资源和水产增养殖有不容忽视的后果。
This paper discussed the effect of acid rain on aquatic chemistry and aquatic ecological system. When lake and river water are polluted, the pH raises, alkalinity decreases, H_2O-CO_2 buffer system of water is substituted by A1-H_2O and organic buffer system, carbonate is substituted by sulphate, the concentration of heavy metal ion increased and the cycle of nutrient are destroyed. As the water was acidi fied, there were appear the changes for communities and quantity of photoplankton, zooplankton, large aquatic plant and attached algae. These changes have direct effect on the structure of community in the normal ecological environment. Acidification of lake will decrease the decomposition of microbiota and organic use, and influence the cycle of Carbon and nutrient. The acidity of water has the effect on the function of fish tissue, the capability of reproduction and various stage of life. These make the communities and quantities of fish changing. The fauna of fish loses the normal recycle, and the resoure of fish results in exhaustion.
出处
《海洋湖沼通报》
CSCD
北大核心
1989年第2期28-34,共7页
Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology