摘要
文章讨论了由于大气中CO_2浓度的增加所产生的“温室效应”和海洋与CO_2之间的相互作用。已有的研究表明,自从工业革命以来,大气中CO_2浓度已由290ppmv增至340ppmv左右,并且目前人类每年大约向大气输送180×10~8t的CO_2,大气的平均温度以0.1—0.5℃/10α的速度增加。据估计,截止本世纪末地球大气的平均温度将升高3±1.5℃。这种现象对地球的环境生态将产生明显的影响。海洋是碳的巨大贮存所(约390×10~11t溶解碳),海洋能够吸收和释放CO_2;CO_2在海洋的穿透深度为700m。已有的研究结果表明,CO_2在海洋和大气之间处于不平衡状态。本文提出,是否可以通过研究CO_2在大气与海洋之间的相互作用,海洋吸收、贮存和转移CO_2的能力来了解碳在海洋中的转移通道和大气中CO_2浓度的变化倾向,从而预测世界范围内气候的变化趋势,并初步予以探讨。
The 'Green House Effects' caused by increase of CO2 and interaction between sea and air are disscussed. The concentration of CO2 has gone up from 290 to 331 ppmv since the industrial revolution. Now, about 180 billion tons of CO2 per year is transported to the atmosphere. The average atmosphere temperature will be rising with the rate of 0.1-0.5℃ per decade, a warming up of 3±1.5℃ by the end of this century. This phenomenon will have the obvious effect on the global environmental ecology. The penetrating depth of CO2 in the sea is 700 m; The surface sea water contains 2 ml of CO2, about 10% of total volume of sea water. The remaining 90% of sea water contains 15% of total CO2. This shows that ocean is a great reservoir of CO2 (about 390×1011 tons dissolved carbon). Furthermore ocean is able to transform inorganic carbon to organic carbon, dissolved carbon to paniculate carbon, and to transfer carbon from surface water into bottom. The results indicated the CO2 is not in equilibrium between air and ocean, ocean can absorb CO2 from atmosphere and release CO2 to atmosphere. Therefore, it is of important scientific significance to study the CO2 transference between air and ocean, oceanic capacity in absorbing reserving and transfering CO2, and the way of tran-sfering carbon in the sea.
出处
《海洋与湖沼》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1989年第1期92-99,共8页
Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica