“聽” “听”的形义演变及关系

The Evolution and Relationship of “Listening( 聽) ” and “Listening( 听) ”

"聽"在发展过程中一直保持原义"用耳朵接受声音",在宋元时期出现了形体为"听"的俗体字,在民国时期的《简化字法令案》和1956年《汉字简化方案》中使用"听"作"聽"的简化字。"听"在产生时表示"笑的样子",读作"yǐn"。在宋元时期,"听"作"聽"的俗字并表示"聽"的意义,读作"tīng"。两个"tīng"是同形异义字,读作"yǐn"的"听"随着使用频率的降低逐渐废弃不用,读作"tīng"的"听"与"聽"字形偶合,承载了"聽"的含义并沿用至今。文章通过阐述"聽""听"的形体和意义变化,以及两者之间的关系,着重分析"听"作"聽"俗字和简化字的原因。

In the course of development of"listening( 聽) "has always maintained"to accept the sound of the ear". But in the Song and Yuan Dynasties,the form of"listening( 听) "has arisen."The Simplified Word Law Case"of the Republic of China and"The simplified Chinese Character Plan"in 1956 used the simplified word"listening( 听) "replaced"listening( 聽) ". "listening( 听) "means"appearance of smile"when it is produced,read as"yǐn". In the Song and Yuan Dynasties,the form"listening( 听) "was used to indicate"listen"and read as"tīng". At the same time,"listening( 听) "was the popular form of"listening( 聽) ". The two forms are same body but different means. Due to infrequent use,read as"yǐn"’s"listening( 听) "is gradually discarded. "listening( 听) "has expressed "to accept the sound of the ear"since then because it has the same body with"listening( 聽) ". By expounding the changes in form and meaning of"listening( 聽) "and"listening( 听) ",and the relationship between them,the paper focuses on analyzing the reasons why"listening( 听) "is used as"listening( 聽) "’s vulgar.