基于风剪效应的独立变桨控制对漂浮式风力发电机性能的影响

Influence of Individual Pitch Control on Floating Wind Turbine Performance Based on Wind Shear

随着风力发电机塔架高度以及叶片尺寸的增大,风剪效应对风力发电机性能的影响越来越显著,为此提出了基于风剪效应的独立变桨控制策略。分析了漂浮式风力发电机支撑结构的动力学模型,结合针对陆上风力发电机提出的基于风剪效应的独立变桨控制策略,并使用线性二次型调节技术(linear quadratic regulator,LQR)分别对3种漂浮式风力发电机的独立变桨控制器进行了设计,在Matlab/Simulink软件中搭建仿真模型并与Fast软件进行联合仿真。仿真结果表明:所采用的独立变桨控制策略对3种形式的风力发电机的功率、纵摇运动影响并不相同。独立变桨控制策略可以明显降低单柱式风力发电机的功率波动,但对张力腿式和驳船式风力发电机来说效果不明显甚至变得更差;而对于漂浮式风力发电机的纵摇运动来说,独立变桨和统一变桨控制策略对单柱式和张力腿式风力发电机的影响差别不明显,而对驳船式风力发电机来说,独立变桨控制策略使其纵摇角度变得更大。

Along with the increases of the tower height and blade size of wind turbine, the influence of wind shear effect on the performance of wind turbine becomes more and more important. Therefore, this paper proposed the individual pitch control strategy based on wind shear effect. The support structure dynamics model of floating wind turbine was analyzed. Combined with the individual pitch control strategy for onshore wind turbine based on wind shear, the individual pitch controllers for three different floating wind turbines were designed with using linear quadratic regulator （LQR） technology. Simulation model was built in MATLAB/SIMUL1NK software and was co-simulated with FAST software. The simulation results show that the proposed individual pitch control strategy has different influences on the power and pitch motions of these three types wind turbines. The individual control strategy can significantly reduce the power fluctuations of spar-buoy floating wind turbine, but it＇ s not obvious to tension leg and barge floating wind turbines. For the pitch motion of floating wind turbine, the influences of individual and uniform pitch control strategy on spar-buoy and tension leg floating wind turbines have not obvious differences, but for barge wind turbine, the platform pitch angle will become larger when using individual pitch control strategy.