消费者自主选择权与餐饮行业格式条款的规制逻辑

Consumers' Right to Choose Independently and Regulation Logic of Format Clauses in Catering Industry

消费者自主选择权的内涵与合同自由原则具有耦合性,其要义在于通过若干法律制度的配套使消费者克服市场失灵,对生活消费市场上失却的两大基本前提"市场充分竞争"、"信息充分披露"进行补足,从而重新达致与经营者之间的力量平衡。为达到此目标,一种理想化的餐饮行业格式条款规制结构应当建立,即在充分竞争的领域施加信息规制,而在竞争不充分的领域则施加具体的标准规制,同时辅之以反垄断执法措施。新"消法"对不平等的格式条款一概禁止的做法消解了规制的谦抑性品格,打破了消费者与经营者应有的权利平衡,并会出现规则难以落实的尴尬。

Consumers＂ right to choose independently is coupled with the principle of freedom of contract, which essence lies in overcoming market failures through regulation and complementing ＂fully competitive market＂ and ＂information full disclosure＂ which are lost premises in consumers markets. The balance of power between consumers and operators can be achieved through this. An idealized regulation structure applying information regulation in fully competitive field, and standard regulation in not sufficiently competitive field, and accompanying anti-monopoly en- forcement shall be established in catering industry. The regulation system in new Consumers Protection Law will break the rights balance of consumers and operators, and will be difficult to be implemented.