高科技时代专利池许可的反垄断法规制研究

The Research on Antitrust Regulation of Patent Pool License in High-tech Area

在经济全球化的今天,能反映高科技时代特征之一的专利池已经成为发达国家技术创新、经济增长以及国际贸易的重要手段。在专利池许可中,专利权人可以凭借专利法赋予的垄断权,在一定的地域和时间内排斥他人使用该项专利技术,以保护自身的利益。但由于受到利益的驱使,专利权人常常"不适当地"扩充自身的权利范围,实施限制性竞争行为,产生排斥竞争对手、破坏竞争性市场结构的效果,最终也会间接地损害广大消费者的利益,甚至影响到一个国家的市场经济良好发展。本文认为,解决专利池许可中限制竞争行为的最有效措施就是用反垄断法对专利池许可进行合理规制,这样既能维护技术创新,又能鼓励竞争,引导市场经济良好运行,这也是我国高新技术产业中的一个热点问题。英美法系国家和大陆法系国家一直高度重视该问题,并且在长期的司法实践中积累了丰富经验。本文拟对美国和欧盟专利池的反垄断法规制的模式进行比对,深入分析,并根据我国的国情加以吸收与扬弃,最终提出一系列合理化建议,供政府决策参考。

Nowadays,under the background of economic globalization,it has already been a very important tool for the technological innovation, the economic growth and the international trade in the developed countries. During the patent pool licensing, patentees can use their legal monopoly rights to exclude others of using the patent within a certain time and certain area to protect their own interests. However, driven by the profits, the patentee always improperly widen their rights, acted as restricting competition, which will turn out to exclude the competitors, destroy the structure of competing market, and will hurt the profits of consumers indirectly, even influence the economic development of a country. In this article, the author believes that the best way to solve problems is using the antitrust law to regulate the patent pool licensing reasonably. It can not only protect the technology innovation, but also encourage competition, guide the market economy into a good orbit, and it＇s a hot topic in IT industry too. Common Law system and Civil Law system always pay attention to this issue in a high degree of enthusiasm and have accumulated rich experience in the long-term legal practice.This article will deeply analyze the anti-trust law regulation in patent pool license in the U.S. and EU,then absorb or discard them according to China＇s national conditions, and ultimately put forward a series of rationalization proposals for Chinese government＇s decision.