近代中日关系与中华民族复兴观念的形成

Modern Sino-Japanese Relations and the Formation of Chinese Rejuvenation Concept

中华民族复兴观念的生成与演变,与民族危机的发展尤其是日本帝国主义入侵的刺激息息相关。1894年甲午中日战争发生后民族危机的加深与民族意识的觉醒,促成中华民族复兴观念的酝酿;日本帝国主义提出灭亡中国的"二十一条"使民族危机继续加深,刺激了民族复兴话语的进一步发酵,中华民族复兴观念初具雏形;1931年"九一八"事变把中华民族推到生死存亡的危机关头,在民族危机空前深重的背景下中华民族复兴观念迅速定型,并很快流衍为一种有广泛社会影响力的社会思潮;1937年"七七事变"的发生使"中华民族到了最危险的时候",随着民族危机的进一步发展,九一八事变后成为流行话语的民族复兴思潮趋于深化、高涨;1945年抗日战争的胜利扭转了近代以来抗击外国侵略战争屡战屡败的局面,成为中华民族由衰弱走向复兴的转换枢纽与重要标志。

The generation and development of Chinese rejuvenation concept is closely related to the development of the national crisis and especially to the stimulation of Japanese imperialists invasion. In 1894, the deepening national crisis and the awakening of national consciousness after the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese war promoted the generation of Chinese rejuvenation concept; the 21 Articles put forward by the Japanese imperialists further deepened the national crisis, stimulating the generation of the national revival discourse and Chinese rejuvenation concept came into a rudiment; in 1931 the ＂Mukden Incident＂ pushed China into a crisis of life and death, then Chinese rejuvenation concept was quickly shaped at such an unprecedented national crisis-ridden background, and soon it became a social thought with a wide range of social influence; in 1937 ＂the July 7 Incident of 1937＂ made ＂Chinese nation reach the most dangerous time＂, and with the further development of national crisis, the thought of national rejuvenation popularized after the Mukden Incident tended to be deepened and risen; in 1945, the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan reversed the situation of continuously defeat in the fight against foreign aggression forces in modern times and became an important converting hub and symbol of China＇s revival from weakness.