面向城市环境VANETS的基于beacon控制的路由协议

Beacon-control-based Routing Protocols for Urban VANETs

车载网络(Vehicular ad hoc networks,VANETs)是一种特殊形式的网络,具有节点高速移动、拓扑频繁的变化的特性,这些特性为消息的传播带来挑战,路由机制是实现消息传递的关键因素;地理位置路由被广泛地应用于VANETS,要求节点周期广播beacon消息;然而,节点周期地广播beacon消息,降低了路由性能,特别是在城市区域,由于节点密集,每个节点均广播beacon消息,恶化了路由性能;为此,针对城市环境,提出基于beacon控制的路由协议RPBC(Routing protocol with beacon control);在RPBC中,并非每个节点广播beacon消息,而设置有效的机制选择部分节点广播,从而降低了beacon冗余,同时,采用最短路径算法,减少数据传输跳数;仿真结果表明,提出的RBPC在分组投递率、端到端传输时延以及路由开销方面均有较好的性能。

VANETs （Vehicular ad hoc networks） are a special form of networks with special characteristics like high dynamic topology and high -speed mobile.These characteristics create challenging in disseminating messages.routing mechanism is the key issue of disseminating messages.One promising class of routing protocols for VANET is geographic routing protocols,which typically have nodes periodically broadcast beacon messages to neighbors.Nevertheless,deterioration of routing performance in these protocols are anticipated in urban areas due to high density of vehicles in the network.Therefore,the RPBC （Routing protocol with beacon control） is proposed.In RPBC,not every nodes need to broadcast beacon messages and some nodes that choose by effective mechanism broadcast beacon messages to minimize redundant beacon messages.Moreover,the Dijkstra＇s shortest path algorithm is used in RPBC,which cut down the communication hop counts.Simulation results show that performance of the proposed RBPC is improved in term of delivery ratios,end-to-end delay and routing overhead.