新疆设施农业区域布局及其生产功能区划研究

Regional Distribution of Facility Agriculture Zone and Production Function Divisions in Xinjiang

【目的】分析新疆设施农业生产的现实区域布局,划分新疆设施农业基本功能区,为新疆设施农业技术研究与应用、制定发展规划和可持续发展提供依据。【方法】采集国内外相关文献及资料为样本数据,应用图表直观统计分析方法,进行统计分析。【结果】全疆设施农业占地面积(不含兵团)60 941.27 hm2,其中日光温室37 845.43 hm2,占62.1%,拱棚23 095.85 hm2,占37.9%。覆盖全疆14个地(州、市)和91个县(市、区),按日光温室面积大小排在前7位的依次为:吐鲁番地区8 679.9 hm2,占23%;喀什地区5 589.3 hm2,占15%;和田地区5 156.0 hm2,占14%;伊犁州直3 754.0 hm2,占10%;巴音郭楞州3 683.1 hm2,占10%;昌吉州2 727.9 hm2,占7%;阿克苏地区2 412.3 hm2,占6%。面积最小的地(州、市)为克拉玛依市、博尔塔拉州和阿勒泰地区,面积超过667 hm2(1万亩)的县(市、区)有17个。按照实际分布,结合种植模式和气候适宜性,将全疆设施农业产区初步划分为塔西南缘冬春设施蔬菜产区、塔北缘春秋设施蔬菜产区、吐哈盆地春秋设施蔬菜产区、伊犁河谷春秋设施蔬菜产区、天山北坡夏秋设施蔬菜产区、塔额盆地夏秋设施蔬菜产区和北疆高寒区设施夏菜产区等7个功能区。【结论】基本明晰了新疆设施农业的实际生产布局,划清了全疆设施蔬菜产区的主要功能定位,为新疆设施农业的持续发展提供参考。

[ Objective] The project aims to analyze the actual area distribution and the division of the basic functional areas of agricultural production of Xinjiang, which would provide the basic references for the study and application of agricultural technology and the formulation of development planning. [ Method ] The statistics provided by Office of Horticultural Specialties, Xinjiang Agriculture Department and the reporting system of Xinjiang facility agriculture were applied, reference materials at home and abroad were referred to and the chart intuitive statistics analysis was used. [ Result] According to the statistics and analyses, the area of facility agriculture of Xinjiang （ excluding XPCC） which covered 14 （prefecture, city） and 91 counties （ cit-ies,districts） was 60,941.27 hm^2, in which solar greenhouses occupied 62. 1% （ 37,845.43hm^2 ）, Sheds were 37.9% （23,095.85 hm^2 ）. The ranks of the 7 top areas according to land size of solar greenhouse were ： Turpan region was 8,679.9 hm^2 （23%）, Kashi Prefecture 5,589.3hm^2 （ 15% ）, Hotan Prefecture 5,156. Ohm （ 14% ） ,Yili Prefecture 3,754.0 hm^2 （ 10% ）, Bazhou 3,683.1 hm^2 （ 10% ）, Changji 2,727.9 hm^2 （7%）, and Aksu Prefecture 2412.3 hm^2 （6%）. The smallest land area （ prefecture, city） were Karamay City, Bortala and Altay region,and 17 counties was over 666.7 hm^2（ 1 million mu）. According to the actual distribution, combined with the planting patterns and climate suitability, Xinjiang facility agriculture was at first classified into 7 agricultural vegetable production areas ： southwest of Tacheng area, north of Tacheng areas ,Turpan - Hami basin, Ili Valley, northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains, Tarim basin, and northern areas of the alpine area. [ Conclusion] Through the analysis and study, the production distribution of Xinjiang facility agriculture was basically made clear, and the main function position of the vegetable producing areas was clarified, which would provide references for the sustainable development of the facility agriculture in the future in Xinjiang.