灾后应急期心理干预问题及对策探讨

Discussion for psychological intervention in post-disaster emergency period

目的 探讨加强我国灾后应急期心理干预规范化应加以改进的诸多问题及对策,为灾后心理干预预案的制定提供参考建议.方法 针对国内外灾后心理干预第一阶段——应急期心理干预现状,通过理论和实践回顾分析,剖析问题并探讨相应的对策.结果 国内灾后应急期心理干预阶段划分不统一;阶段性工作重点不明确;我国应急期心理干预预案缺位.结论 应清晰界定灾后心理干预应急期阶段划分、工作重点;政府应尽快制定灾后心理干预应急预案,促进灾后应急心理干预和灾区生产生活恢复重建工作有力有序地推进.

Objective To probe how to standardize and straighten psychological intervention for those in need in post-disaster emergency period, and provide reference for creating the intervention scheme. Methods Bearing in mind of the phase one of post-disaster psychological intervention- psychological intervention in emergency period, a retrospective analysis was conducted on previous practice, locating the problems and seeking solution for them. Results The problems were identified throughout the analysis as follows： 1. The division of post-disaster psychological intervention phases was not clearly defined; 2. The key issues in each phase were not identified; 3. No such a post-disaster psychological intervention plan was in place. Conclusion 1. Different phases in a post-disaster psychological intervention has to be clearly defined, and the key issues in each phase need to be declared; 2. The competent authorities is required to make a psychological intervention plan in a timely manner in order to promote post-disaster emergency psychological intervention and the reconstruction in disaster area.