摘要
On the basis of the findings of 227 surveys of Chinese fertility intentions over the years 1980-2011, this paper investigates the longitudinal changes in fertility intentions through cross-temporal meta-analysis. It is found that the ideal number of children for the Chinese trended downwards from 1980, but since 2000 the average number has remained basically stable at 1.6 to 1.8. In the 1980s, people＇s fertility levels were higher than their fertility intentions. With economic and educational progress in China, both fertility levels and fertility intentions showed a downward trend, with the former declining faster than the latter. Since 1990, people＇s fertility levels have been lower than their fertility intentions; that is, their actual number of children has been less than their ideal number. This provides an empirical basis for examining the changes in China＇s fertility intentions and fertility levels.
本文基于1980—2011年间开展的227项关于中国人生育意愿的调查结果,运用横断历史元分析方法,考察了生育意愿的纵向变化趋势。研究发现:1980年以来中国人理想子女数呈减少趋势。2000年之后平均理想子女数基本稳定在1.6—1.8人之间。1980年代中国人生育水平高于生育意愿。随着经济和教育发展水平的提升,二者均呈下降趋势,但是生育水平下降快于生育意愿。1990年之后生育水平低于生育意愿,即人们实际生育子女数少于理想子女数。这为认识生育意愿和生育水平在中国的变化趋势提供了实证依据。
基金
supported by the Social Research and Database Construction Project of CentralUniversity of Finance and Economics
the National Social Sciences Fund(Project No.:14CRK011)
