大学生性别角色与社交焦虑的关系及自我接纳的中介作用

Relation between sex role and social anxiety and the mediating effect of self-acceptance study in college students

目的：探讨大学生社交焦虑与性别角色的关系,分析自我接纳在二者间的中介作用。方法：按大庆市各高校学生构成比分层整群抽取2000名大学生,采用交往焦虑量表（IAS）评定主观社交焦虑体验、贝姆性别角色问卷（BSRI）评估性别角色类别、自我接纳量表（SAQ）测量自我接纳特征。结果：大学生中4种性别角色分布依次为双性化656例（34.9%）,未分化650例（34.6%）,男性化287例（15.3%）,女性化284例（15.1%）。IAS和SAQ得分性别差异均无统计学意义（均P〉0.05）,在性别角色上差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.001）,其中女性化IAS得分高于另三者,双性化和男性化得分均分别低于另两者,女性化和未分化的SAQ得分均分别低于另两者（均P〈0.05）。Bootstrap检验显示,男性化、未分化、女性化（vs.双性化）对IAS的影响受自我接纳的中介作用大小依次为0.76（95%CI：0.09-1.42）、4.14（95%CI：3.43-4.93）、4.03（95%CI：3.47-4.64）,存在中介作用,哑变量未分化（vs.双性化）和女性化（vs.双性化）对IAS均有直接影响（均P〈0.05）。结论：大学生社交焦虑水平与性别无关,与性别角色有关,女性化者社交焦虑水平最高;性别角色类型通过自我接纳水平间接影响社交焦虑。

Objective： To explore the relationship between social anxiety and sex role in college students,and to analyze the mediating effect of self-acceptance betw een them.Methods： Data came from a sample of 2000 college students in Daqing,w ho w ere selected by stratified random cluster sampling method according to the constituent ratio of the college students.We used the Interaction Anxiety Scale（ IAS） to assess subjective experience of social anxiety,Bem Sex-Role Inventory（ BSRI） to evaluate sex-role classification and Self-Acceptance Questionnaire（ SAQ） to measure characteristics of self-acceptance.Results： In the college,the distribution of sex-role classification w ere androgynous 656（ 34.9%）,undifferentiated 650（ 34.6%）,masculine 287（ 15.3%）,feminine 284（ 15.1%）.The differences of gender in scores of IAS and SAQ w ere not significant（ Ps 0.05）,but there w ere significant differences among sex roles（ P〈0.001）.IAS scores of feminine w ere significantly higher than the others,and the scores of androgyny and masculine w ere both low er than the other tw o significantly.SAQ scores offeminine and undifferentiated w ere both significantly low er than the other tw o respectively（ Ps 0.05）.By Bootstrap test,masculine,undifferentiated and feminine（ vs.androgynous） could mediate IAS through self-acceptance,the mediating effects w ere 0.76（ 95% CI： 0.09- 1.42）,4.14（ 95% CI： 3.43- 4.93）,and 4.03（ 95% CI： 3.47-4.64） respectively.There w as a mediating effect.Both undifferentiated（ vs.androgynous） and feminine（ vs.androgynous） directly influenced IAS significantly（ Ps 0.05）.Conclusion： Social anxiety may be related to sex role but not gender,social anxiety level of feminine students is higher,the sex-role types could influence social anxiety through self-concept indirectly.