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面向PCB圆形基准点的权重式椭圆拟合定位方法 被引量:4

Weighted Ellipse Fitting Location Method for PCB Circular Mark
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摘要 针对贴片机视觉系统对印刷电路板(PCB)圆形基准点快速精密定位的要求,提出基于形态学的基准点区域提取方法,对约化后的基准点进行像素级边缘提取,进而采用一维曲线拟合法提取出亚像素级边缘;在此基础上,提出一种圆形基准点边缘轮廓的权重式椭圆拟合定位算法,减少边缘轮廓点大离群值对拟合精度的影响,获到高精度的基准点中心位置。该算法通过设置椭圆约束条件,可避免零解和成比例解的出现,提高计算的速度和精度。仿真实验结果表明,所提的方法耗时25ms左右,基准点中心的位置误差小于0.03pixel,相比于其它定位方法,该方法在耗时和定位精度方面具有明显优势。在实验室搭建的视觉检测平台上开展进一步的实验验证,对实际采集到的PCB基准点图像可实现快速精确的基准点中心坐标提取,基准点拟合椭圆的形状误差均值为0.1pixel,能满足贴片机视觉系统快速精密的定位要求。 In order to meet the chip mounter vision system requirement for the fast and precise location of circular mark on printed circuit board( PCB),a mark region extraction method based on the morphology was proposed. After that,the pixel edge was extracted from the simplified mark image and then the sub-pixel edge was extracted by one-dimensional curve fitting. On this basis,a location algorithm based on weighted ellipse fitting for circular mark edge contour was proposed to reduce the impact of large outliers of edge contour points and acquire high-precision mark centre position. The algorithm could avoid the zero and proportionable solutions and improve the computational speed and accuracy by setting elliptical constraint. The simulation experiment result indicates that with the proposed method,the elapsed time is about 25 ms,the position error of mark centre is less than 0. 03 pixel. The method has a significant advantage in elapsed time and precision over the other location methods. The further experiment testing on visual inspection platform indicates that the mark centre can be located fast and precisely from the real PCB mark image and the mean form errors of fitted ellipse are just 0. 1pixel,which meets the chip mounter visual system requirement for speediness and high precision.
出处 《组合机床与自动化加工技术》 北大核心 2015年第4期19-23,28,共6页 Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique
基金 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2011CB013104) 广东省高等学校科技创新重点项目(2012CXZD0020) 广东省战略性新兴产业专项资金(2012A080303004)
关键词 PCB 圆形基准点 亚像素 边缘提取 加权椭圆拟合 PCB circular mark sub pixel edge extraction w eighted ellipse fitting
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