“新三届”华南建筑人与他们的时代 兼论华南工学院建筑学科的调适与重构

Xinsanjie,the New Entering Classes of 1977/78/79,in Architecture and Their Era,South China Institute of Technology Transformation of Architectural Education after the Cultural Revolution

新三届建筑人是华南工学院(今华南理工大学)建筑系历届毕业生中的特殊群体。得益于中央政府作出的恢复高考的决定,一大批在"文革"中失去高等教育机会的学生及应届高中生在1977至1979年间考入华南工学院建筑系。他们在教学体系的调整、改革中接受了建筑学专业训练,并在随后开始的改革开放浪潮中成为文革后第一批建筑师、城市规划师和建筑教育工作者,以及集成专业技术的城市管理者和企业家,对中国当代城市与建筑的发展起到了十分重要的作用,他们因此被称为"新三届"华南建筑人。文章以这一群体为对象,考察他们从受业到从业的过程以及现代设计观念的形成与呈现,同时也探讨了转型时期中国建筑教育的重构与发展。

The new three entering classes （or Xinsanjie in Chinese） in architecture are a unique group. Thanks to the central government decision to reinstate the long-abolished College Entrance Examinations, many high school graduates, who would otherwise be denied the opportunity to receive a higher education, entered South China Institute of Technology （now SCUT） in the years 1977, 1978and 1979. They received professional architectural training during the adjustment and reforms of the education system, and became the first group of architects, urban planners, architectural educators, urban administrators and entrepreneurs equipped with professional knowledge, since the end of the Cultural Revolution and the launch of Opening Up and Reforms policy. They have exerted an enduring impact on urbanization and the development of architecture in contemporary China, therefore they have been dubbed the Xinsanjie in Architecture at SCIT. The article focuses on this group and examines their development from enrolment to practice, as well as the formation and expression of their modern design principles, while discussing the reconfiguration and development of Chinese architectural education in times of transformation.