油气装备配套用铝合金膨胀节ASME规范案例的形成

Formation of ASME code cases for aluminum alloy expansion joints used for oil and gas transportation

油气储运离不开管道输送,而管道输送受到外界影响特别是温差变化时,管道的热胀冷缩会引起管道发生位移,给输送的安全性和稳定性带来隐患,而铝合金膨胀节作为管道输送过程中热位移补偿器已经得到了广泛的应用。为了研究特殊工况下,如何更好地按照美国机械工程师学会(American Society of Mechanical Engineers,ASME)的要求使用铝合金膨胀节,以某跨国企业管道工程为例,探讨了当选用铝合金膨胀节时,在与ASME规范出现偏离情况下的解决措施和技术思路,提出了当"U形波纹环面半径小于3倍的波纹管厚度(t)时"的适用条件;同时提出了铝合金膨胀节采用搅拌摩擦焊的焊接方式,并进行了适应性验证。最终形成了ASME的Code Case 2587和Code Case 2593—1两个规范案例。该研究成果为同等条件下产品的设计、研发和生产提供了理论依据和实现方法。

Pipelines are indispensable to the storage and transportation of oil and gas.Displacements of pipelines induced by thermal expansion and contraction due to the changes in external temperatures may pose potential threats to the safety and reliability of pipeline transportation.Under such circumstances,aluminum alloy expansion joints are used extensively as the compensator for thermal displacement during pipeline transportation.To deploy aluminum alloy expansion joints under specific conditions in accordance with the requirements specified by American Society of Mechanical Engineers（ASME）,this paper took the pipeline project of an international company as an example to highlight solutions and techniques in case of deviations from ASME codes when aluminum alloy expansion joints are used.Application conditions for ＂U-shaped bellows with radius smaller than 3 times of wall thickness of the bellows（t）＂ are clarified.In addition,Friction Stir Weld（FSW） was proposed for aluminum alloy expansion joints with relevant adaptability tests performed.Eventually,two code cases of ASME,i.e.Code Case 2587 and Code Case 2593-1,were formed.This study may provide necessary theoretical foundations and implementation techniques for the design,development and fabrication of relevant products under similar conditions.