服务导向型公共交通快速通勤系统发展——以以北北京京市市为例

Development of Service-oriented Rapid Commuting System: A Case Study in Beijing

快速城镇化背景下中长距离通勤矛盾日渐突出,如何用集约化的客运方式解决这一问题是现阶段的主要挑战。首先指出北京市现状公共交通系统存在服务级配结构失衡、线路空间组织方式与需求分布适配性差等问题。结合公共交通快速通勤系统的服务对象和概念,从时间感知、出行舒适度、在途时间使用等角度分析实现快速的途径。对潜在的多样化需求进行细分,从全出行链的角度出发探讨差异化的应对策略。最后,以服务导向为基本思路,提出公共汽(电)车骨干快线网络概念方案,从完善制度建设、打造服务级配、构建无缝换乘和高水平接驳体系等方面提出公共交通快速通勤系统建设的关键策略和建议。

The rapid urbanization and ever-increasing imbalance between supply and demand of medium and long-distance commuting travel urgently call for utilizing mass public transit services, as solutions to traffic congestion problems, which challenges the existing urban transportation system. This paper first dis-cusses the current problems of public transit system in Beijing including incomplete service hierarchical system, unmatched spatial distribution of public transit lines and travel demand. Based on the objectives and concept of rapid commuting system, the paper analyzes influential factors on travel speed of public transit in several aspects including time perception, travel comfort, and actual travel time. Subdividing po-tential diversified demands, the paper discusses differentiating strategies based on the complete travel chain. Finally, aiming at service-orientated development, the paper proposes a network of arterial express bus lines. The paper also provides the strategies and suggestions in developing a rapid commuting system by improving institutional system, establishing hierarchic service structure, and developing seamless trans-fer and high-quality connection system.