A bellow pressure fiber optic sensor for static ice pressure measurements

用于静冰压力检测的新型膜盒式光纤传感器的研制（英文）

Static ice pressure affects safe operation of hydraulic structures. However, current detection methods are hindered by the following limitations： poor real-time performance and errors owing to the partial pressure of the surrounding wall on traditional electrical resistance strain bellow pressure sensors. We developed a fiber optic sensor with a special pressure bellow to monitor the static ice pressure on hydraulic structures and used the sensor to measure static pressure in laboratory ice growth and melting tests from -30℃ to 5℃. The sensor resolution is 0.02 kPa and its sensitivity is 2.74 × 10-4/kPa. The experiments suggest that the static ice pressure peaks twice during ice growth and melting. The first peak appears when the ice temperature drops to -15℃ owing to the liquid water to solid ice transition. The second peak appears at 0℃ owing to the thermal expansion of the ice during ice melting. The novel fiber optic sensor exhibits stable performance, high resolution, and high sensitivity and it can be used to monitor the static ice pressure during ice growth and melting.

静冰压力是影响水工结构物安全运行的主要因素之一。现有静冰压力检测方法主要存在两个局限,一是实时性差,二是传统电阻应变式压力膜盒传感器因边壁效应影响测量结果的正确性。针对以上两个不足之处,作者基于反射式强度调制原理,研发了一种带杆伞状圆盘结构的压力膜盒静冰压力光纤传感器,实现了利用光纤传感技术检测静冰压力。我们用研制的新型光纤传感器在实验室完成了-30℃~5℃温度范围内冰生长过程中及5℃^-30℃温度范围内冰消融过程中静冰压力的测量试验。实验结果表明,与传统电阻应变式压力膜盒传感器相比,该传感器工作稳定、分辨率达0.02kPa、灵敏度达2.74×10-4/kPa,并可实现自动连续测量。