酪氨酸相关蛋白酶1基因编码区系统发育分析和正选择位点检测

Phylogenetic Analysis and Detection of Positively Selected Site on the Coding Regions of TYRP1 Gene

酪氨酸相关蛋白酶1(tyrosinase-related protein 1,TYRP1)是酪氨酸酶家族成员之一,也是第一个成功克隆的色素基因。为了探究选择压力对TYRP1基因在生物进化过程中的影响。本研究利用NCBI下载不同物种TYRP1基因编码区核苷酸及其蛋白序列,通过Clustal X对TYRP1基因编码蛋白序列进行比对,利用Pal2nal在线工具生成密码子多序列比对,DAMBE软件判断该碱基替代饱和度适合构建系统树后,利用最大似然法和PAML软件分别分析不同物种TYRP1基因的亲缘关系和选择压力。结果表明,TYRP1基因进化与哺乳动物的进化分类最为接近,位点模型检测表明TYRP1基因在适应性进化中主要受负选择的约束,而且在进化过程中曾承受正选择作用,共检测到13个正选择位点。本研究从分子进化的角度分析了TYRP1基因的生物进化模式,为该基因结构和功能的研究提供了新的思路。

Tyrosinase-related protein 1（TYRP1）is one of the tyrosinase family members,which was also the first successfully cloned pigment gene.The study aimed at exploring the selective pressure on TYRP1 gene in the process of biological evolution.The study used NCBI to download nucleotide and protein sequences of TYRP1 gene coding regions in different species,through the Clustal X to compare TYRP1 gene encoding protein sequences,using Pal2 nal online tool to generate codon multiple sequence alignment,DAMBE software was used to determine the base substitution saturation for constructing phylogenetic trees,using maximum likelihood method and PAML software to analyse TYRP1 gene in different species phylogenetic relationships and selection pressure.The results showed as follows：TYRP1gene evolution and evolutionary classification of mammals was most close,and the site specific model revealed that TYRP1 genes were mainly affected by purifying selection,and it had been subjected to positive selection in its adaptive evolution,the software found thirteen positive selection amino acid sites.The study analyzed the evolutionary pattern of the TYRP1 gene from the molecular evolutionary perspective,providing a new way for the study of the TYRP1 gene structure and function.