基于肝脂和^1H-NMR技术的草鱼肝胰脏及血清代谢组学分析

Metabonomics analysis of hepatopancreas and serum of grass carp based on the hepatopancreas lipid and ^1H-NMR

为了探讨草鱼肝胰脏脂质过量蓄积的生化基础并促进草鱼的健康养殖,采用1H-NM R分析技术对肝脂含量分别为3%～4%和14%～16%的两组草鱼的肝胰脏和血清进行了代谢组学分析。结果表明,从草鱼肝胰脏和血清中分别检测到了58和47种代谢物。葡萄糖、别嘌呤二醇、牛磺酸、乳酸、谷氨酸、肌酸、丙氨酸、sn-甘油-3-磷酸胆碱、甘氨酸、石碳酸、次黄嘌呤、乙酸、赖氨酸、亮氨酸和缬氨酸为两组草鱼肝胰脏主要差异代谢物;其中,肝脂含量为14%～16%的草鱼肝胰脏中葡萄糖和别嘌呤二醇的含量明显高于肝脂含量为3%～4%的草鱼组,但乳酸和多种氨基酸含量则低于肝脂含量为3%～4%的草鱼组。乳酸、葡萄糖、肌酸、柠檬酸、亮氨酸、丙酮酸、缬氨酸、脯氨酸、鸟嘌呤核苷、异亮氨酸、谷氨酸、sn-甘油-3-磷酸胆碱、丙氨酸、赖氨酸和甘氨酸为两组草鱼血清主要差异代谢物;其中肝脂含量为14%～16%的草鱼血清中葡萄糖、柠檬酸、脯氨酸、谷氨酸、sn-甘油-3-磷酸胆碱、精氨酸以及甘氨酸7种代谢物含量高于肝脂含量为3%～4%的草鱼组,血清乳酸等含量则明显低于肝脂含量为3%～4%的草鱼组。肝脂含量为14%～16%的草鱼组其体内糖的有氧氧化和糖酵解途径均受到了明显的抑制,同时存在氨基酸代谢异常,这可能是导致草鱼肝脂过量蓄积的重要原因之一。

Excessive lipid accumulation in hepatopancreas of grass carp is very common under high density and mixed cultivation. To explore the biochemical mechanism of excessive lipid accumulation in hepatopancreas and promote the healthy cultivation of grass carp,metabonomics analysis of hepatopancreas and serum of grass carp based on1H-NM R and hepatopancreas lipid were carried out. Grass carp were classified into normal hepatopancreas lipid（ 3% to 4%） group and excessive hepatopancreas lipid（ 14%-16%） group. The results indicated that 58 and 47 metabolites were detected in the hepatopancreas and serum of grass carp,respectively. Glucose,oxypurinol,taurine,lactate,creatine,glutamate,alanine,sn-glycerol-3-phosphorylcholine,glycine,phenol,hypoxanthine,acetic acid,lysine,leucine and valine were main hepatopancreas metabolites differing in normal and excessive hepatopancreas lipid grass carp. Among the above metabolites,only glucose and oxypurinol in the excessive hepatopancreas lipid group were higher than those in the normal hepatopancreas lipid group. Lactic acid,glucose,creatine,citric acid,leucine,valine,proline,pyruvic acid,guanosine,isoleucine,glutamate,sn-3-of glycerol phosphocholine,alanine,lysine and glycine were main serum metabolites differing in normal and excessive hepatopancreas lipid grass carp.Among the above serum metabolites,only glucose,citric acid,glutamate,proline,sn-glycerol-3-choline phosphate,arginine and glycine in grass carp with excessive hepatopancreas lipid were higher than those in the normal hepatopancreas lipid group. It is concluded that both aerobic oxidation and glycolysis of glucose in the body of grass carp with excessive hepatopancreas lipid are obviously inhibited and the metabolism of amino acids are abnormal,which may be one of the important biochemical causes of excessive lipid accumulation in hepatopancreas of grass carp.