系统性健康教育对胸腰椎结核患者术后生活质量的影响

The influence of systemic health education on the postoperative quality of life in patients with thoracolumbar tuberculosis

目的 探讨系统性健康教育提高胸腰椎结核患者术后生活质量的有效性.方法 选取首都医科大学附属北京胸科医院骨科2014年6月1日至2015年5月31日住院并行手术的胸腰椎结核患者108例为研究对象.对照组：2014年6月1日至2014年11月31日入组患者;观察组：2014年12月1日至2015年5月31日入组患者.观察组实施系统性健康教育,选取2名护士为健康教育护士,与护士长、主管医生成立健康教育团队,通过评估患者入院患者资料,制定健康教育记录单、术后作息时间表、实施系统性个性化健康教育.采用量表形式评定患者术后12周生活质量和护理服务满意度情况.两组患者生活质量、护理服务满意度得分比较均采用t检验,以P＜0.05为差异有统计学意义.结果 观察组与对照组患者生活质量总得分分别为（160.26±16.48）分和（115.65±9.31）分,护理服务满意度总得分分别为（98.61±5.62）分和（83.21±2.36）分,观察组均高于对照组（t值分别为2.894和12.91,P值均＜0.05）.结论 系统性健康教育能够提高胸腰椎结核患者生活质量和护理服务满意度.

Objective To explore the effectiveness of systematic health education on the improvement of quality of life after surgery in patients with thoracolumbar tuberculosis. Methods One hundred and eight patients with thoracolumbar tuberculosis who were hospitalized and received operation from 1 June, 2014 to 31 May, 2015 in the Department of Orthopaedics were the study objects. Those enrolled from 1 June, 2014 to 31 November, 2014 were in control group, and those enrolled after that were in observation group. Systematic health education was implemented in observation group, two nurses were selected as health education nurse, and a health education team was composed of health education nurses, head nurse and doctor in charge. The health education records and post- operative schedule were developed, and systemic and individualized health education was implemented based on the evaluation of the data of patients admitted to hospital. The quality of life and the satisfaction on nursing service 12 weeks after operation were measured, t test was applied to compare the quality of life and the satisfaction of the two groups, and P〈0.05 was considered significantly different. Results The total scores of life quality of the observation group and control group were （160.26±16.48） and （115. 65±9.31）, and the scores of satisfaction on nursing were （98. 61±5.62） and （83. 21±2.36） respectively. The scores of observation group were significantly higher than control group （t values were 2. 894 and 12.91, P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Systematic health education can improve the life quality and satisfaction on nursing service after operation in patients with thoracolumbar tuberculosis.