流行性脑脊髓膜炎疫苗研究进展

Progress in research on meningococcal meningitis vaccine

脑膜炎奈瑟菌(Neisseria meningitidis,Nm)感染可引起流行性脑脊髓膜炎和败血症,病死率约10%,幸存病人可能伴有严重后遗症,如四肢瘫痪、智力发育迟滞、听力丧失等,自发现至今,仍未得到有效控制。近年来,伴随生物技术的发展,流脑多糖疫苗和多糖结合疫苗的研究和开发也取得了诸多进展,有更多疫苗有望通过临床试验进入市场。本文就Nm疫苗及在研疫苗临床试验的研究进展作一综述。

Neisseria meningitidis（Nm）is an important cause of meningococcal meningitis and hematosepsis, of which the fatality rate is about 10%. The patients survival may be companied by severe sequelae such as quadriplegic, mental retardation and hearing loss. By the so far, meningococcal meningitis has not been controlled effectively. In recent years,with the development of biotechnology, the research and development of meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine or meningococcal conjugate vaccine have also made progresses. More novel vaccines are expected to enter the market through clinical trial. This paper reviews the progress in research on Nm vaccine and clinical trials.