广西少数民族地区农村老年人心理健康状况调查

Investigation on the mental healthy status of the rural elderly in Guangxi Minority Areas

目的评估广西壮族、瑶族、苗族、侗族、仫佬族、毛南族、回族、京族8个少数民族地区农村老年人和汉族农村老年人心理健康状况。方法采用症状自评量表进行横断面入户调查。结果不同民族老年人症状自评量表总分及因子得分差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。总分方面,回族老年人最高,壮族老年人最低;侗族老年人恐怖因子得分最高,回族老年人在强迫、人际关系敏感、偏执、精神病性等四个因子得分均为最高或较高,京族老年人在躯体化、抑郁、偏执和其他(反映饮食、睡眠等情况)等四个因子得分为最高或较高,瑶族老年人在其他因子得分最高,汉族老年人在焦虑和敌对两因子得分最高,壮族老年人在所有因子得分均为最低。结论广西不同民族地区农村老年人心理健康状况存在不同,且表现为不同民族具有不同心理维度的特征,应引起社会关注。

Objective To evaluate the mental healthy status of Zhuang,Yao,Miao,Dong,Mulao,Maonan,Hui,Jing minority and the Han nationality in rural elderly.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted by symptom check list-90（ SCL-90）.Results The total score and every factor score of SCL-90 in the aged from different minority remained statically significant（ all P 〈0.05）.The total score in the Hui nationality of the aged were the highest,whereas in the Zhuang nationality were the lowest.The aged in Dong minority had the highest score in phobic anxiety factor,while the Hui nationality had the highest or higher score in some areas,such as obsessive-compulsive,interpersonal sensitivity,paranoid ideation and psychoticism.Somatization,depression,paranoid ideal and other factors（ reflecting diet and sleep） of the Jing nationality aged were the highest,as well as the score of factor in the Yao nationality old people.The aged from Han nationality had the highest score in anxiety and hostility factor.However,the Zhuang nationality old people＇s scores were at the lowest level.Conclusions The status of mental health are different in the rural elderly from different minority in Guangxi,as well as different factors among different nationalities with different psychological dimensions,which should be paid attention.