Reconstruction of Soil Particle Composition During Freeze-Thaw Cycling： A Review

Studies conducted over several decades have shown that the freeze-thaw cycles are a process of energy input and output in soil, which help drive the formation of soil structure, through water expansion by crystallization and the movement of water and salts by thermal gradients. However, most of these studies are published in Russian or Chinese and are less accessible to international researchers. This review brought together a wide range of studies on the effects of freezing and thawing on soil structure. The following findings are summarized： i） soil structure after freeze-thaw cycles changes considerably and the changes are due to the mechanical fragmentation of soil coarse mineral particles and the aggregation of soil fine particles; ii） the particle size of soil becomes homogeneous and the variation in soil structure weakens as the number of freeze-thaw cycles increases; iii） in the freezing process of soil, an important principle in the variation of soil particle bonding is presented as： condensation →aggregation→ crystallization; iv） the freeze-thaw cycling process has a strong effect on soil structure by changing the granulometric composition of mineral particles and structures within the soil. The freeze-thaw cycling process strengthens particle bonding, which causes an overall increase in aggregate stability of soil, showing a process from destruction to reconstruction.

在几十年进行的研究证明了结冰融化周期在土壤是精力输入和输出的进程，它帮助驾驶土壤结构的形成，通过由结晶化和由热坡度的水和盐的运动的水扩大。然而，大多数这些研究用俄语或汉语被出版并且对国际研究人员不太可存取。这评论在在土壤结构上结冰并且融化的效果上召集了大量研究。下列调查结果被总结：我) 在结冰融化周期以后的土壤结构更加变化，变化由于粗糙的矿物质粒子和土壤的聚集罚款的土壤的机械破碎粒子；ii ) 土壤的粒子尺寸变得同类，当结冰融化周期的数字增加，在土壤结构的变化变弱；iii ) 在土壤的结冰过程，在土壤粒子结合的变化的一个重要原则表现为：冷凝作用 → 聚集 → 结晶化；iv ) 结冰融化骑车的过程由在土壤以内改变矿物质粒子和结构的 granulometric 作文在土壤结构上有强壮的效果。骑车的过程加强粒子结合的结冰融化，在土壤的总数稳定性引起全面增加，从破坏显示出一个过程到重建。