价格随机的应急数量折扣契约三级供应链协调

Three-stage supply chain coordination of emergency quantity discount contract

当突发事件造成市场需求发生大幅波动、市场价格也随着市场供求关系的变化而随机波动时,寻找采用数量折扣契约实现三级供应链协调的最优决策。建立应对随机价格条件下突发事件的数量折扣契约模型。通过分析该模型可知,无论暴发何种突发事件,基准的数量折扣契约下的三级供应链均无法实现协调;对批发价进行适当调整后的数量折扣契约能协调应对突发事件。给出了应对随机价格条件下突发事件的供应链订货与定价最优策略,并与应对稳定价格条件下突发事件和无突发事件两种情景的相关内容进行了比较。通过算例对该策略进行了验证。

When the price was fluctuated caused by emergencies,whether or not a three-stage supply chain could be coordinated with quantity discount contract was researched.Emergencies not only caused large scale fluctuations in market demand,but also made retail prices fluctuate randomly with the change of supply and demand relationship in the market.On basis of the background,aquantity discount contract model was built.By analyzing this model,the conclusions showed that the benchmark quantity discount contract could not coordinate to respond to emergencies,unless did appropriate adjustment for trade price.Moreover,the optimal ordering and pricing strategies in supply chain were given to answer the emergencies under the condition of stochastic price,which was compared with the circumstances of emergencies and no emergencies under the condition of stable price respectively.The validity of the proposed method was proved by numerical cases.