用质性研究方法探讨急性心肌梗死患者维持吸烟行为的原因

Qualitative Research on Reasons for Maintaining Smoking Behavior among Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

深入了解急性心肌梗死患者患病前后对吸烟行为的情感体验并探讨其维持吸烟行为的原因。采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法对16名急性心肌梗死患者进行深入访谈,并对资料进行收集和分析。多数患者对吸烟行为与疾病的相关性认知模糊,患病后有戒烟动机,但正负性情感交错;维持吸烟行为的原因大致包括:尼古丁上瘾引发的戒断症状、认知局限和心理、社会因素。医护人员应重视患者对吸烟行为的情感体验,从认知、心理、环境和社会多维度干预,提供全方位的戒烟指导,帮助患者加强戒烟动机。

To understand the emotional experience of smoking behavior before and after the illness and discuss reasons for maintaining smoking behavior in patients with acute myocardial infarction.The phenomenology adopted 16 patients participating in an in-depth interview.Most patients had little knowledge about the correlation between smoking and disease,they had the motivation of smoking cessation after the illness,but positive and negative emotions were included in this period.The reasons for maintaining smoking behavior included nicotine addiction and withdrawal symptom,cognitive limitation,mental and social factors.Healthcare workers should pay more attention to patients＇ emotional experience and provide comprehensive and multilevel measures to help them maintain the motivation of smoking cessation.