唐代疑古惑经思潮探研

The Analysis of the Trend of Thought in Doubting Antiquity and Suspecting Confucian Classics in the Tang Dynasty

唐代前期在完成经学总结的同时,也因经义疏解的统一和解经方式的僵化而出现了经学危机,在这一背景下掀起了疑古惑经思潮。唐代疑古惑经思潮持续时间很长,几乎与唐代历史相始终,一直处在不断的演变过程中。唐代前中期疑古惑经思潮的代表人物是刘知幾,他虽然以史学的视角质疑经书记载的部分内容,却并不否定经学思想,反而强调史著需要维护名教。唐中后期疑古惑经思潮的主要代表是新《春秋》学派,他们站在经学的立场上对《春秋》"三传"进行批评、质疑,重视分辨经史之别,而其注重褒贬义理的经学思想,对唐中后期史学新变乃至宋以后史学发展都有重要影响。

With the summarization of study of Confucian classics in the early Tang Dynasty being finished,the crisis of study of Confucian classics appeared,due to the highly united explanations and the the rigid ways of explaining.This academic atmosphere set off the trend of thought in doubting antiquity and suspecting Confucian classics.This trend of thought lasted for a long time nearly from the beginning of the Tang Dynasty to the end,and it changed continuously during this period.In the early and mid Tang Dynasty,the representative of this trend of thought was Liu Zhiji.Although he doubted some contents of Confucian classics from historical perspective,he didn＇t denied the thought of these classics,and on the contrary,he emphasized that historical records should defend the Confucian ethical code.In the mid and later period of Tang Dynasty,the representative of this trend of thought was the new school of The Spring and Autumn Annals.They doubted and criticized The Three CommentariesonThe Spring and Autumn Annals in the view of classics,and emphasized the differences between study of Confucian classics and history.They paid attention to the＂praise and blame＂mode of explication in studying Confucian classics,which had influence on the change of historical study in the middle and later period of Tang Dynasty and the development of it after Song Dynasty.