从现代地名看苗疆地区土司军事活动——兼论苗疆地区土司军事建制及防御系统

See military activities in areas of Tusi from modern names

苗疆地区地处西南边陲,民族众多,历史时期一直属于多民族聚居地区,也是国家治理的重要区域。元明清时期,为了更好的统治这一地区,开始在这一地区实施土司制度,实现"以夷制夷"的目的。由此土司通过其在苗疆地区的政治、经济、军事等各方面对苗疆地区实施统治,产生了政治、经济、军事活动行为,影响苗疆地区发展的方方面面,同时融入苗疆地区历史进程,对苗疆地区产生了重大的影响。除了正史资料记载外,在与人民生活息息相关的地名中也留下了大量与土司活动相关的地名,以口耳相传的形式在坊间流传,更加真实地体现了土司制度对于苗疆地区基层的影响之深。本文拟从现代地名遗存中发现并讨论苗疆地区土司的军事相关的活动与建设,以更为贴近现实的角度了解土司制度在基层地区的实施。同时,也通过苗疆地区现代地名简单的讨论土司制度对苗疆地区的总体影响。

Miaojiang located in the southwest border region, which has a lot of ethnic groups and it＇ s a multi-ethnic region in history, which is also an important area of national governance. Yuan, and Ming and Qing Dynasties, in order to control this region better, the rulers began usinge Tusi System in there, to achieve the purposes ＂control them by themselves＂. Thereby Tusi controlcontrolled Miaojiang region through the implementation of its political, economic, military and other parties in the region, resulting in political, economic, military activity behavior, affecting all aspects of Miaojiang regional development, as well as into the region＇s history of Miaojiang processes, and Miao Territory region had a significant impact. In addition to information on the official history records, but in people＇s lives and place names, which also left a lot of activities related with Tusi＇ activities in place names, these words of mouths in the form of widely circulated, reflected the more truthe for regional grassroots impact Miaojiang Chieftain System deeply. This paper found remains from modern place names and discussed the activities which were at associated with the construction of military areas of Miaojiang Tusi, a more realistic perspective on the region at the grassroots level to implement Chieftain System. We also briefly discuss the overall impact of Tusi System in Miao Territory regions by regioning Miaojiang modern names.