Basic Features of the Crustal Structure in the Lower Yangtze and Its Neighboring Area in the Chinese Mainland： Review of Deep Seismic Sounding Research

The Deep Seismic Sounding( DSS) projects carried out from the 1970 s in the lower Yangtze region and its neighboring area were reviewed in this paper,then the basic wave group features of those wide angle reflection / refraction record sections,and of the crustal structure are summarized. It shows that there were in total five clear wave groups on the record sections,which include the first arrival Pg,the reflection P1 from the bottom interface of the upper crust,the reflection P3 from the bottom interface of the middle crust,the strong reflection Pm from the Moho boundary,and the refraction Pn from uppermost mantle. In general,these phases are easily consistently traced and compared,despite some first arrivals being delayed or arriving earlier than normal due to the shallow sedimentary cover or bedrocks. In particular,in the Dabie Mountain region the seismic events of a few gathered shots always have weak reflection energy,are twisted,or exhibit disorganized waveforms, which could be attributed to the disruption variations of reflection depth,the broken Moho,and the discontinuity of the reflection boundary within crust. The regional crustal structures are composed of the upper,middle and lower crust,of which the middle and lower layers can be divided into two weak reflection ones. The crustal thickness of the North China and Yangtze platform are 30km- 36 km,and the Moho exhibits a flat geometry despite some local uplifts. The average pressure velocity in lower crust beneath this two tectonic area is 6. 7 ± 0. 3km / s. Nevertheless,beneath the Dabieshan area the crustal thickness is 32km- 41 km,the Moho bends down sharply andtakes an abrupt 4km- 7km dislocation in the vertical direction. The average pressure velocity in the lower crust beneath the Dabieshan area is 6. 8 ± 0. 2km / s.

The Deep Seismic Sounding （DSS） projects carried out from the 1970s in the lower Yangtze region and its neighboring area were reviewed in this paper, then the basic wave group features of those wide angle reflection/refraction record sections, and of the crustal structure are summarized. It shows that there were in total five clear wave groups on the record sections, which include the first arrival Pg, the reflection P1 from the bottom interface of the upper crust, the reflection P3 from the bottom interface of the middle crust, the strong reflection Pm from the Moho boundary, and the refraction Pn from uppermost mantle. In general, these phases are easily consistently traced and compared, despite some first arrivals being delayed or arriving earlier than normal due to the shallow sedimentary cover or bedrocks. In particular, in the Dabie Mountain region the seismic events of a few gathered shots always have weak reflection energy, are twisted, or exhibit disorganized waveforms, which could be attributed to the disruption variations of reflection depth, the broken Moho, and the discontinuity of the reflection boundary within crust. The regional crustal structures are composed of the upper, middle and lower crust, of which the middle and lower layers can be divided into two weak reflection ones. The crustal thickness of the North China and Yangtze platform are 30kin -36km, and the Moho exhibits a flat geometry despite some local uplifts. The average pressure velocity in lower crust beneath this two tectonic area is 6. 7 ± 0. 3km/s. Nevertheless, beneath the Dabieshan area the crustal thickness is 32km -41km, the Moho bends down sharply and takes an abrupt 4km -7km dislocation in the vertical direction. The average pressure velocity in the lower crust beneath the Dabieshan area is 6. 8±0. 2km/s.